| Identification | More | [Name]
Melamine | [CAS]
108-78-1 | [Synonyms]
MELANIN
1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-triimine
2,4,6-triamino-s-triazin
2,4,6-Triaminotriazine
Aero
Cyanuric triamide
cyanurictriamide
Cyanurotriamine
Cyanurtriamide
Cymel
Cynurictriamide
dg002(amine)
Hicophor pr
hicophorpr
Isomelamine
NCI-C50715
pluragard
s-Triazine, 2,4,6-triamino-
s-Triazine, 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2-imino-
S-Triazinetriamine | [EINECS(EC#)]
203-615-4 | [Molecular Formula]
C3H6N6 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00131581 | [Molecular Weight]
126.12 | [MOL File]
108-78-1.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Melamine is a white crystalline solid | [Melting point ]
354 °C | [Boiling point ]
224.22°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.573 | [vapor pressure ]
66.65 hPa (315 °C) | [refractive index ]
1.872 | [Fp ]
>110°C | [storage temp. ]
−20°C
| [solubility ]
water: soluble25mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless | [form ]
Fine Crystalline Powder | [pka]
5(at 25℃) | [color ]
White | [PH]
7-8 (32g/l, H2O, 20℃) | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Nonflammable. | [Water Solubility ]
3 g/L (20 ºC) | [Usage]
Forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde | [Detection Methods]
HPLC,NMR | [Merck ]
14,5811 | [BRN ]
124341 | [Contact allergens]
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (MFR) results from condensation of melamine and formaldehyde. It is anactive ingredient of strong (reinforced) plasters, such as industrial or some dental plasters used for molding.It is also used as a textile finish resin. MFR acts as an allergen generally because of formaldehyde releasing (see Chap. 40) | [InChIKey]
JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [LogP]
-1.22 at 20℃ | [CAS DataBase Reference]
108-78-1(CAS DataBase Reference) | [IARC]
2B (Vol. Sup 7, 73, 119) 2019 | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine(108-78-1) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
108-78-1(EPA Substance) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
White Solid | [Uses]
A compound that forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde | [Definition]
ChEBI: A trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. | [Uses]
Forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde. | [General Description]
Colorless to white monoclinic crystals or prisms or white powder. Sublimes when gently heated. | [Reactivity Profile]
MELAMINE(108-78-1) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids . Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Insoluble in water. | [Hazard]
Toxic by ingestion, skin, and eye irritant.
Questionable carcinogen. | [Potential Exposure]
Manufactured from urea, melamine
is used in the manufacture of plastics, melamineformaldehyde resins; rubber, synthetic textiles; laminates,
adhesives, and molding compound | [Fire Hazard]
Literature sources indicate that this compound is nonflammable. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit | [Incompatibilities]
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Melamine neutralizes
acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May
be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics,
peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid
halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in
combination with strong reducing agents such as hydrides,
nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides. | [Description]
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (MFR) is an active
ingredient of strong (reinforced) plasters. Sensitization
was reported in a plaster-room technician, who applied
resin-reinforced pIaster casts, and in dental technicians.
MFR was contained in a strong dental pIaster
used for mouldings. Used as a textile finish res in, it was
also found to be an allergen in a women who replaced
clothes in a store. MFR also releases formaldehyde,
which may be the sensitizer.
| [Preparation]
The standard route to melamine is from urea. Urea is
heated in the presence of ammonia at 250-350??C and 4--20 MPa. The
reaction probably involves the simultaneous dehydration and hydration of
urea to form cyanamide and ammonium carbamate; trimerization of the
cyanamide then leads to melamine:
Thus only 50% of the urea used gives melamine in one step and ammonium
carbamate has to be separated and converted to urea for recycling. Despite
this limitation, the urea route is the most economical of currently available
routes. | [Production Methods]
Melamine is prepared almost exclusively by the urea
process—the action of ammonia on urea. It is produced
worldwide. | [Production Methods]
The compound now is synthesized from urea. | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Nonflammable | [Carcinogenicity]
A bioassay of melamine was
conducted in rats and mice by NTP. Male F344 rats and
B6C3F1 mice were administered melamine in their diets at
concentrations of 2250 or 4500 ppm daily for 103 weeks.Female rats were fed 4500 or 9000 ppm melamine. At the end
of 111 weeks, surviving animals were killed and examined. | [storage]
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store in a secure poison location. Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and strong acids. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045. | [Purification Methods]
Crystallise Melamine from water or dilute aqueous NaOH. It sublimes at ~240o on prolonged heating. [Beilstein 26 I 74, 26 II 132, 26 III/IV 1253.] |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi,Xn | [Risk Statements ]
R43:May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R44:Risk of explosion if heated under confinement.
R20/21:Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin . | [Safety Statements ]
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves . | [RIDADR ]
3263 | [WGK Germany ]
1
| [RTECS ]
OS0700000
| [Autoignition Temperature]
>600 °C | [TSCA ]
Yes | [PackingGroup ]
III | [HS Code ]
29336980 | [Safety Profile]
Moderately toxic by
ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. An eye,
skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Causes
dermatitis in humans. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic
and tumorigenic data. Experimental
reproductive effects. Mutation data
reported. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
108-78-1(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3161 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 1000 mg/kg |
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