Human Endogenous Metabolite
Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (100 μM; for 15 min) significantly induces microglial CCL2 and CCL3 mRNA expression. Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (100 μM; 3 hours) induces chemokine expression in microglia. Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (100 μM; 0.5, 1, 3, 6 12 hours) induces expression of mRNA encoding CCL2 and CCL3 within 30 min, and such expression reaches maximal levels at 1 h, returning to basal levels at 3-12 h. UDP (10, 100, 1000 μM; 3 hours) induces a concentration-dependent increase in the expression of chemokines at both the mRNA and protein level. Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (100 μM; for 15 min) induces activation of NFATc1 and NFATc2 in microglia.
RT-PCR