FUMING SULFURIC ACID Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE BIS BRAUNE, RAUCHENDE, VISKOSE, öLIGE, HYGROSKOPISCHE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft..
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz verätzt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. ätzend beim Verschlucken. Inhalation kann zu Lungenödem führen (s.Anm.).
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Risiko der Lungenschädigung bei wiederholter oder längerer Aerosol-Exposition. Risiko der Zahnschädigung nach wiederholter oder längerer Aerosol-Exposition. Starke anorganische Oleum-haltige Säurenebel sind krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Belüftung. Wasserstrahl NIEMALS auf die Flüssigkeit richten. NICHT mit Sägemehl oder anderen brennbaren Absorptionsmitteln binden. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abgedeckten Kunststoffbehältern sammeln. Reste mit trockenem Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R37:Reizt die Atmungsorgane.
R35:Verursacht schwere Verätzungen.
R14:Reagiert heftig mit Wasser.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S30:Niemals Wasser hinzugießen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Beschreibung
Fuming sulfuric acid is also called oleum, which is a trade name. It is a heavy, oily liquid, colorless to dark brown depending on purity, and fumes strongly in moist air and is extremely hygroscopic. Fuming sulfuric acid is a solution of sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid. Sulfur trioxide is forced into solution with sulfuric acid to the point that the solution cannot hold any more. As soon as the solution is exposed to air, the fuming begins, forming dense vapor clouds. It is violently water reactive, as are most acids. Oleum is also a strong irritant to tissue. The four-digit UN identification number is 1831.
Chemische Eigenschaften
viscous liquid, is a mixture of sulfur trioxide dissolved in sulfuric acid. The SO3 content may range between 15 and 30%.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Dithionic acid, H2S2O6, is a chemical compound
known only in solution. This acid is dibasic and salts
called dithionates are known. All dithionates are readily
soluble in water. They are mild oxidizing and mild
reducing agents.
Verwenden
In manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, purification of petroleum, pickling of metal.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Thick fuming yellow liquid. Density 16.5 lb / gal. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue, quickly causing severe burns. Used to make chemicals, dyes, explosives and in petroleum refining.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Fumes in air. Soluble in water; dissolution generates dangerous amounts of heat that can cause localized boiling and spattering of the acidic mixture and generate heavy fumes. During sulfonation of mononitrobenzene with fuming sulfuric acid, a leak from an internal cooling coil permitted water to enter the reaction tank. A violent eruption occurred due to the heat of solution [MCA Case History 944(1963)].
Reaktivität anzeigen
SULFURIC ACID reacts as a strong acid, as an oxidizing agent and as a dehydrating agent. Chars wood, sugar and many other organic materials on contact. The heat from these reactions may ignite the wood, sugar or organic matter. May react explosively with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, butyraldehyde, cumene, ethyl acetate, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, glyoxal, isoprene, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene oxide, pyridine, styrene, vinyl acetate; strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide) or mineral acids (nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid) [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1195]. Mixing in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide (28%), chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, ethylene cyanohydrin, hydrochloric acid (36%), hydrofluoric acid (48.7%), isopropyl alcohol, nitric acid (70%), 2-nitropropane, propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, styrene monomer, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride [NFPA 1991]. Extremely hazardous in contact with carbides, bromates, chlorates, fulminates, picrates, and powdered metals. May induce violent polymerization in polymerizable organic compounds such as allyl chloride. Reacts exothermically with sodium hypochlorite to produce chlorine gas.
Hazard
Reacts violently with water. Strong irritant
to tissue.
Health Hazard
Acid mist is irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Liquid causes severe burns of skin and eyes.
Brandgefahr
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating vapors are generated.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed human carcinogen. A poison. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. A very dangerous fire hazard by chemical reaction with reducing agents and carbohydrates. A severe explosion hazard by chemical reaction with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, allylalcohol, allyl chloride, 2-amino ethanol, NH4OH, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, cumene, dichloroethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diisobutylene, epichlorohydrin, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene imine, glyoxal, HCl, HF, isoprene, isopropyl alcohol, mesityl oxide, methyl ethyl ketone, HNO3, 2-nitropropane7 p-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, NaOH, styrene monomer, vinylidene chloride, sulfolane, vinyl acetate. Will react with water or steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes. Can react vigorously with reducing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of SOx. See also SULFUROUS ACID.
mögliche Exposition
Used as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of acetic acid, hydrochloric acid; citric acid; phosphoric acid; aluminum sulfate; ammonium sulfate;barium sulfate; copper sulfate; phenol, superphosphates, titanium dioxide; as well as synthetic fertilizers, nitrate explosives; artificial fibers; dyes, pharmaceuticals, detergents, glue, paint, and paper. It finds use as a dehydrating agent for esters and ethers due to its high affinity for water; as an electrolyte in storage batteries; for the hydrolysis of cellulose to obtain glucose; in the refining of mineral and vegetable oil; and in the leather industry. Other uses include fur and food processing; carbonization of wool fabrics; gas drying; uranium extraction from pitchblende; and laboratory analysis. Sulfuric acid is among the highestvolume produced chemical in the United States.
Versand/Shipping
UN1830 Sulfuric acid with ＞51% acid or sulfuric acid with not ＞51% acid, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1831 Sulfuric acid, fuming with 30% or more free sulfur trioxide and Sulfuric acid, fuming, with ＜30% free sulfur trioxide, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1832 Sulfuric acid, spent, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
Inkompatibilitäten
A strong acid and oxidizer. Reacts violently with water with dangerous spattering and evolution of heat. Reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials; bases, organic materials; chlorates, carbides, picrates, fulminates, water, powdered metals. Corrosive to most common metals forming explosive hydrogen gas.
Waste disposal
Add slowly to solution of soda ash and slaked lime with stirring; flush to drain with large volumes of water. Recovery and reuse of spent sulfuric acid may be a viable alternative to disposal, and processes are available.
FUMING SULFURIC ACID Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
trysin-chymotrypsin
silica gel fine-pored lump
2,6-Dinitroanilin
8-Hydroxychinolin-5-sulfonsure
2',7'-Dibrom-3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-on
Ethylhydrogensulfat
3-Bromo-2,6-dimethylpyridine
Cosmetic white oil
Vinylstearat
8-Hydroxy-5,7-dinitronaphthalin-2-sulfonsure
4-Chlorbenzolsulfonsure
Lanolin
2-CHLORO-PYRIMIDINE-5-SULFONYL CHLORIDE
Pyridin-3-sulfonsure
3-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyridine
Chymotrypsin
Natriumhydrogen-2-aminobenzol-1,4-disulfonat
4-Aminobenzol-1,3-disulfonsure
2-Hydroxy-5-nitronicotinic acid
9,10-Dioxoanthracen-2-sulfonsure
DDT
Acid Blue 93
1,8-Dinitroanthrachinon
N-(4-Chlorphenyl)-2-hydroxy-9H-carbazol-3-carboxamid
starting type lead-acid storage battery
7-Aminonaphthalin-1,3,5-trisulfonsure
2-Oxopyran-5-carbonsure
2-Amino-3-bromo-5-nitropyridine
2-Naphthol-6,8-disulfonic acid
Atropine sulfate monohydrate
8-Hydroxy-7-iodchinolin-5-sulfonsure
2,5-DICHLORO-3,4-DINITROTHIOPHENE
3-Iodbenzoesure
3,5-Dihydroxybenzoesure
Pyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride hydrochloride
5-Isoquinolinesulfonic acid
4-Diazo-3,4-dihydro-7-nitro-3-oxo-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid
Natrium-3-[(1,5-dihydroxy-2-naphthyl)azo]-4-hydroxybenzolsulfonat
Isochinolin-5-ol
2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole-7-sulfonic acid
