Triamteren Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R23/25:Giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
S24:Berührung mit der Haut vermeiden.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.
Beschreibung
Triamterene is an inhibitor of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC; IC
50 = 4.5 μM for the rat channel).
In vivo, triamterene (0.5-32 mg/animal) enhances sodium secretion and decreases potassium secretion in adrenalectomized rats. Formulations containing triamterene have been used in the treatment of edema. This product is also available as an analytical reference standard .
Chemische Eigenschaften
Yellow Solid
Verwenden
Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic ie, it inhibits the urinary excretion of potassium
Biologische Funktion
Triamterene (Dyrenium)
results in changes in urinary electrolyte
patterns that are qualitatively similar to those produced
by spironolactone. The mechanism by which this
agents bring about the alterations in electrolyte loss,
however, is quite different. Triamterene
produces this effects whether or not aldosterone or any
other mineralocorticoid is present. The action of this
drug is clearly unrelated to endogenous mineralocorticoid
activity, and this drug is effective in adrenalectomized
patients.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Odorless yellow powder or crystalline solid. Melting point 316°C. Almost tasteless at first and with a slightly bitter aftertaste. Acidified solutions give a blue fluorescence. Used as a diuretic drug.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Sensitive to light; slowly oxidized upon exposure to air. Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
2,4,7-Triamino-6-phenylpteridine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for 2,4,7-Triamino-6-phenylpteridine are not available; however, 2,4,7-Triamino-6-phenylpteridine is probably combustible.
Mechanism of action
Triamterene is a pyrazine derivative that inhibits reabsorption of sodium ions without
increasing excretion of potassium ions. It exhibits the same approximate effect as spironolactone;
however, it does not competitively bind with aldosterone receptors. Its action does
not have an effect on secretion of aldosterone or its antagonists, which are a result of direct
action on renal tubules.
This potassium sparing diuretic causes a moderate increase in excretion of sodium and
bicarbonate ions in urine, and it raises excretion of potassium and ammonia ions. It has little
effect on urine volume.
Clinical Use
Triamterene can be used in the treatment of congestive
heart failure, cirrhosis, and the edema caused by
secondary hyperaldosteronism. It is frequently used in
combination with other diuretics except spironolactone.
Amiloride, but not triamterene, possesses antihypertensive
effects that can add to those of the thiazides.
These K
+-sparing diuretics have low efficacy when
used alone, since only a small amount of total Na reabsorption
occurs at more distal sites of the nephron.
These compounds are used primarily in combination
with other diuretics, such as the thiazides and loop diuretics,
to prevent or correct hypokalemia. The availability
of fixed-dose mixtures of thiazides with nonsteroidal
K
+-sparing compounds has proved a rational
form of drug therapy. Both triamterene and amiloride
are available alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide.
Nebenwirkungen
Because the actions of triamterene and amiloride
are independent of plasma aldosterone levels, their prolonged
administration is likely to result in hyperkalemia.
Both amiloride and triamterene are contraindicated
in patients with hyperkalemia.Triamterene
should not be given to patients with impaired renal
function. Potassium intake must be reduced, especially
in outpatients.A folic acid deficiency has been reported
to occur occasionally following the use of triamterene.
Triamteren Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
