Diethylether

Diethyl ether Struktur
60-29-7
CAS-Nr.
60-29-7
Bezeichnung:
Diethylether
Englisch Name:
Diethyl ether
Synonyma:
Ethyl ether;Anhydrous diethyl ether;1-Ethoxyethane;ETHYL ETHER pure;Aether;(C2H5)2O;ALCOHOL - ETHER;DiethylEtherForHplc;αther;Pronarcol
CBNumber:
CB6853949
Summenformel:
C4H10O
Molgewicht:
74.12
MOL-Datei:
60-29-7.mol

Diethylether Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
-116 °C
Siedepunkt:
34.6 °C(lit.)
Dichte
0.714
Dampfdichte
2.6 (vs air)
Dampfdruck
28.69 psi ( 55 °C)
Brechungsindex
n20/D 1.3530(lit.)
Flammpunkt:
-40 °F
storage temp. 
Store at RT.
Löslichkeit
Soluble in water, miscible with ethanol (96 per cent), with methylene chloride and with fatty oils. It is highly flammable.
Aggregatzustand
Liquid
Wichte
0.714 (20/4℃) ; 0.712 (25℃)
Geruch (Odor)
Pungent odor detectable at 0.33 ppm
Relative polarity
2.9
Explosionsgrenze
1.7-36%(V)
Wasserlöslichkeit
69 g/L (20 ºC)
FreezingPoint 
-116.3℃
Merck 
14,3806
Henry's Law Constant
12.50(x 10-4 atm?m3/mol at 25 °C) (Signer et al., 1969)
Expositionsgrenzwerte
TLV-TWA 1200 mg/m3 (400 ppm) (ACGIH and OSHA); STEL 1500 mg/m3 (500 ppm) (ACGIH).
Dielectric constant
4.0(40℃)
Stabilität:
Stable, but light-sensitive, sensitive to air. May contain BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) as a stabilizer. Substances to be avoided include zinc, halogens, halogen-halogen compounds, nonmetals, nonmetallic oxyhalides, strong oxidizing agents, chromyl chloride, turpentine oils, turps substitutes, nitrates, metallic chlorides. Extre
LogP
0.890
CAS Datenbank
60-29-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Ethoxy ethane(60-29-7)
EPA chemische Informationen
Ethyl ether (60-29-7)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gefährlicher F+,Xn,T,F
R-Sätze: 12-19-22-66-67-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
S-Sätze: 9-16-29-33-45-36/37-7
RIDADR  UN 1155 3/PG 1
WGK Germany  1
RTECS-Nr. KI5775000
10
Selbstentzündungstemperatur 160 °C
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  2909 11 00
HazardClass  3
PackingGroup  I
Giftige Stoffe Daten 60-29-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität LD50 oral (rat) 1215 mg/kg
LC50 inhal (rat) 73,000 ppm (2 h)
PEL (OSHA) 400 ppm

STEL (ACGIH) 500 ppm
IDLA 1,900 ppm [10% LEL]
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H224 Flüssigkeit und Dampf extrem entzündbar. Entzündbare Flüssigkeiten Kategorie 1 Achtung
H302 Gesundheitsschädlich bei Verschlucken. Akute Toxizität oral Kategorie 4 Warnung P264, P270, P301+P312, P330, P501
H336 Kann Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen. Spezifische Zielorgan-Toxizität (einmalige Exposition) Kategorie 3 (Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit) Warnung P261, P271, P304+P340, P312,P403+P233, P405, P501
Sicherheit
P210 Von Hitze, heißen Oberflächen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.
P233 Behälter dicht verschlossen halten.
P240 Behälter und zu befüllende Anlage erden.
P241 Explosionsgeschützte [elektrische/Lüftungs-/ Beleuchtungs-/...] Geräte verwenden.
P301+P312 BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Bei Unwohlsein GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.
P403+P233 An einem gut belüfteten Ort aufbewahren. Behälter dicht verschlossen halten.

Diethylether Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

LEICHT FLüCHTIGE, FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN

Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich. Fließen, Schütten o.ä. kann zu elektrostatischer Aufladung führen.

CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

Bildung explosionsfähiger Peroxide unter Einfluss von Licht und Luft. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Halogenen, Interhalogenen, Schwefelverbindungen und Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift Kunststoff und Gummi an.

ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

TLV: 400 ppm (als TWA); 500 ppm (als STEL); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 400 ppm, 1200 mg/m?Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(1); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D; (DFG 2008).
EG Arbeitsplatz-Richtgrenzwerte: 100 ppm (TWA); 200 ppm (STEL). 100 ppm (als TWA); 200 ppm (als STEL); (EG 2004).

AUFNAHMEWEGE

Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.

INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem mit nachfolgender Narkose.

WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Vorsicht, kann zu Abhängigkeit führen.

LECKAGE

Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Zündquellen entfernen. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und Dämpfe.

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R12:Hochentzündlich.
R19:Kann explosionsfähige Peroxide bilden.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spröder oder rissiger Haut führen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.

Beschreibung

Diethyl ether is a component of starting fluids and is used as a solvent in the manufacture of synthetic dyes and plastics. Because of its characteristics, diethyl ether was widely used in many countries as an anesthetic agent, but was then replaced by other substances in the 1960s.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Ether, (C2H5)2,also known as ethyl ether, is a colorless liquid. It is used as a solvent,a denaturant, and as an anesthetic in medicine. lt is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon radicals are joined by an atom of oxygen.

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Colorless, hygroscopic, volatile liquid with a sweet, pungent odor. Odor threshold concentration is 330 ppb (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).

History

Ether was supposedly discovered by Raymundus Lullus (1232–1315) around 1275, although there is no extant evidence of this in his writings. The discoverer of ether is often credited to the German physician and botanist Valerius Cordus (1515–1554), who gave the first description of the preparation of ether in the mid-16th century. Cordus called the substance oleum vitrioli dulce, which is translated as sweet oil of vitriol. Cordus used sulfuric acid (oil of vitriol) to catalyze the conversion of alcohol to ether. At approximately the same time Paracelsus (1493–1541), a Swiss physician who is also cited as a discoverer of ether, observed that chickens were safely put to sleep by breathing vapors from sweet oil of vitriol. In 1730, August Siegmund Frobenius changed the name of sweet vitriol to ether.

Verwenden

Diethyl ether has been used extensively as a general anesthetic.

Vorbereitung Methode

Ether is produced by the dehydration of ethanol using sulfuric acid: 2CH3CH2OH +2H2SO4 → (CH3CH2)2O + H2SO4 + H2O.the temperature of the reaction is carriedout at about 140°C to control for unwanted products.the volatile ether is distilled from themixture. Ether can also be prepared by Williamson synthesis. In this reaction, ethanol reactswith sodium to form sodium ethanolate (Na+C2H5O?). Sodium ethanolate then reacts withchloroethane to form ether and sodium chloride: Na+C2H5O? +C2H5Cl → C2H5OC2H5 +NaCl. Ether is also produced as a by-product in the production of ethanol.

Definition

diethyl ether: A colourless flammablevolatile ether, C2H5OC2H5; r.d. 0.71;m.p. –116°C; b.p. 34.5°C. It can bemade by Williamson’s synthesis. Itis an anaesthetic and useful organicsolvent.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A clear colorless liquid with an anesthetic odor. Flash point -49°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Highly flammable. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164]. A mixture of liquid air and Diethyl ether exploded spontaneously, [MCA Case History 616(1960)].

Reaktivität anzeigen

Occasional explosions have occurred when aluminum hydride was stored in ether. The explosions have been blamed on the presence of carbon dioxide impurity in the ether, [J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 70:877(1948)]. Diethyl ether and chromium trioxide react violently at room temperature. Solid acetyl peroxide in contact with ether or any volatile solvent may explode violently. A 5-gram portion in ether detonated while being carried, [Chem. Eng. News 27:175(1949)]. Nitrosyl perchlorate ignites and explodes with Diethyl ether. A mixture of ether and ozone forms aldehyde and acetic acid and a heavy liquid, ethyl peroxide, an explosive, [Mellor 1:911(1946-1947)].

Hazard

CNS depressant by inhalation and skin absorption. Very flammable, severe fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Forms explosive peroxides. Explosive limits in air 1.85– 48%.

Health Hazard

The acute toxicity of diethyl ether is low. Inhalation of high concentrations can cause sedation, unconsciousness, and respiratory paralysis. These effects are usually reversible upon cessation of exposure. Diethyl ether is mildly irritating to the eyes and skin, but does not generally cause irreversible damage. Repeated contact can cause dryness and cracking of the skin due to removal of skin oils. The liquid is not readily absorbed through the skin, in part because of its high volatility. Diethyl ether is slightly toxic by ingestion. Diethyl ether is regarded as having adequate warning properties. There is no evidence for carcinogenicity of diethyl ether, and no reproductive effects have been reported. Chronic exposure to diethyl ether vapor may lead to loss of appetite, exhaustion, drowsiness, dizziness, and other central nervous system effects.

Brandgefahr

Diethyl ether is extremely flammable (NFPA rating = 4) and is one of the most dangerous fire hazards commonly encountered in the laboratory, owing to its volatility and extremely low ignition temperature. Ether vapor may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates and static electricity discharges, and since the vapor is heavier than air, it may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back. Ether vapor forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations of 1.9 to 36% (by volume). Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for ether fires. Diethyl ether forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air in a reaction that is promoted by light; the presence of these peroxides may lead to explosive residues upon distillation.

Flammability and Explosibility

Diethyl ether is extremely flammable (NFPA rating = 4) and is one of the most dangerous fire hazards commonly encountered in the laboratory, owing to its volatility and extremely low ignition temperature. Ether vapor may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates and static electricity discharges, and since the vapor is heavier than air, it may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back. Ether vapor forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations of 1.9 to 36% (by volume). Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for ether fires. Diethyl ether forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air in a reaction that is promoted by light; the presence of these peroxides may lead to explosive residues upon distillation.

Chemische Reaktivität

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Industrielle Verwendung

Diethyl ether as a commercial product is available in several grades and is used as an extraction solvent, reaction solvent, and as a general anesthetic. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for alkaloids, dyes, fats, gums, oils, resins, and waxes. Blends of ethyl ether and ethanol are excellent solvents for cellulose nitrate used in the manufacture of guncotton, in collodion solutions and pyroxylin plastics. Ethyl ether is used in the recovery of acetic acid from aqueous solutions in the cellulose acetate and plastic industry. It is used as a starter fuel for diesel engines and as a denaturant in denatured ethanol formulations. Grignard and Wurtz-Fillig synthesis reactions use diethyl ether as an anhydrous, inert reaction medium.

mögliche Exposition

Ethyl ether is used as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, dyes, gums, resins, nitrocellulose, hydrocarbons, raw rubber, and smokeless powder. It is also used as an inhalation anesthetic; a refrigerant; in diesel fuels; in dry cleaning; as an extractant; and as a chemical reagent for various organic reactions

Environmental Fate

Photolytic. The rate constant for the reaction of ethyl ether and OH radicals in the atmosphere at 300 K is 5.4 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec (Hendry and Kenley, 1979).
Chemical/Physical. The atmospheric oxidation of ethyl ether by OH radicals in the presence of nitric oxide yielded ethyl formate as the major product. Minor products included formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide. In the absence of nitric oxide, the products were ethyl formate and acetaldehyde (Wallington and Japar, 1991).
Ethyl ether will not hydrolyze (Kollig, 1993).

Lager

ether should be used only in areas free of ignition sources (including hot plates, incandescent light bulbs, and steam baths), and this substance should be stored in tightly sealed metal containers in areas separate from oxidizers. Because of the tendency of diethyl ether to form peroxides on contact with air, containers should be dated upon receipt and at the time they are opened. Diethyl ether is generally supplied with additives that inhibit peroxide formation; distillation removes these inhibitors and renders the liquid more prone to peroxide formation. Material found to contain peroxides should be treated to destroy the peroxides before use or disposed of properly.

Versand/Shipping

UN1155 Diethyl ether or Ethyl ether, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid

Inkompatibilitäten

May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids; strong oxidizers halogens, sulfur, sulfur compounds, causing fire and explosion hazard. Can form peroxides from air, heat, sunlight; may explode when container is unstoppered or otherwise opened. Attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings. Being a nonconductor, chemical may accumulate static electric charges that may result in ignition of vapor.

Waste disposal

Concentrated waste containing no peroxides-discharge liquid at a controlled rate near a pilot flame. Concentrated waste containing peroxidesperforation of a container of the waste from a safe distance followed by open burning. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal

Diethylether Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Diethylether Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 1)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Yurui (Shanghai) Chemical Co., Ltd.
+86-021-50456736 +8615000292053
sales209@riyngroup.com China 942 58

60-29-7(Diethylether)Verwandte Suche:


  • ALCOHOL-ETHER MIXTURE
  • ETHER METHANOL SOLVENT
  • DIETHYL ETHER, ANHYDROUS, >=99.7%
  • 44ETHYL ETHER ANHYDROUS >=99.0% A.C.&
  • DIETHYL ETHER EXTRA PUR, DAB, PH. EUR., B. P., STABILIZED
  • ETHER, ANHYDROUS, 99+%, A.C.S. REAGENT
  • DIETHYL ETHER R. G., REAG. ACS, REAG. IS O, REAG. PH. EUR., STABILIZED
  • DIETHYL ETHER, DRIED OVER MOL. SIEVE DEP EROX FLUKA, STAB.
  • DIETHYL ETHER ANHYDROUS >=99.0% A.C.&
  • ETHER, 98+%, A.C.S. REAGENT, CONTAINS ET HANOL, STABILIZED W/BHT(POLY-COAT)
  • DIETHYL ETHER >=98% A.C.S. REAGENT C&
  • DIETHYL ETHER, FOR UV-SPECTROSCOPY, STAB .
  • Diethyl ether, reagent grade, >=98.0, contains ~2% ethanol as stabilizer, ~10 ppm BHT as stabilizer
  • DIETHYL ETHER, A.C.S. REAGENT, >=98.0%,&
  • DIETHYL ETHER, ANHYDROUS, >=99.0%, A.C.S. REAGENT (SAFETY CAN)
  • DIETHYL ETHER DRIED OVER MOL. SIEVE (H2O <0.005%), STAB.
  • DIETHYL ETHER, 4X25 ML
  • Diethyl ether, anhydrous, A.C.S. reagent, >=99.0%
  • DIETHYL ETHER TECHNICAL 5 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER (MAX.0,2 % WATER), EXTRA P URE, STABILIZED
  • DIETHYL ETHER, STAB.
  • DIETHYL ETHER, FOR RESIDUE ANALYSIS,STAB. WITH ~2% ETHANOL .
  • Diethyl ether, CHROMASOLV(R), for HPLC, >=99.9%, inibitor-free
  • ETHYL ETHER, 1X1ML, MEOH, 2000UG/ML
  • DIETHYL ETHER, STANDARD FOR GC
  • DIETHYL ETHER DRIED O. NA/PB ALLOY &
  • DIETHYL ETHER GC STANDARD
  • Ether (Controlled Chemical)
  • EthylEtherW/Ethanol,Acs
  • DiethyletherGr
  • Ether absolute
  • Diethylether,anhydrous,ACS,99%min
  • Diethylether,HPLCGrade,99%,stab.withethanol
  • DIETHYL ETHER (ETHER)
  • Ether, (Diethyl Ether), Ultra Low Water
  • 1,1'-Oxybisethane Diethyl ether
  • Diethyl ether, SpectrophotoMetric Grade, 99+%, inhibitor free
  • Diethyl ether, anhydrous, ACS, 99% Min, stab. with BHT
  • Diethyl ether, 99.5%, for analysis, stabilized with BHT, conforMs to Eur.Ph.
  • Diethyl ether, technical, stabilized
  • Diethyl ether, 99.5%, Extra Dry, stabilized, AcroSeal
  • Diethyl ether, 99+%, ACS reagent, anhydrous, stabilized with BHT
  • Diethyl ether, 99.5%, Extra Dry, stabilized, AcroSeal, package of 4x25ML bottles
  • DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 2,5 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER FOR ANALYSIS EMPARTA
  • DIETHYL ETHER FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE
  • DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 1 L
  • DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 4 X 4 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 1 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 5 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER FOR SPECTROSCOPY Uvasol
  • DIETHYL ETHER DRIED (MAX. 0,0075% H2O)
  • DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 4 L
  • DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 25 L
  • Ether, Ethyl ether
  • Aether, Ether, Ethyl ether
  • Diethyl ether solution, Ethyl ether
  • Ethyl Ether, Anhydrous, Reagent
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