Pentylacetat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift viele Kunststoffe an.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 50 ppm (als TWA); 100 ppm (als STEL); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 50 ppm, 270 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(1); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2008).
EG Arbeitsplatz-Richtgrenzwerte: 50 ppm, 270 mg/m?(als TWA); 100 ppm, 540 mg/m?(als STEL) (EU 2000).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt langsam eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Exposition in hohen Konzentrationen kann zu Bewusstseinstrübung führen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Zündquellen entfernen. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spröder oder rissiger Haut führen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S25:Berührung mit den Augen vermeiden.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Chemische Eigenschaften
All isomers of amyl acetate are highly flammable,
colorless to yellow, watery liquids.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Colorless liquid with a sweet, banana-like odor. A detection odor threshold concentration of 275
μg/m
3 (52 ppb
v) was reported by Punter (1983). Cometto-Mu?iz and Cain (1991) reported an
average nasal pungency threshold concentration of 1,650 ppm
v.
Verwenden
A colorless liquid made by adding sulfuric acid to a mixture
of amyl alcohol and acetic acid with subsequent recovery
by distillation. It is slightly soluble in water but insoluble
in alcohol. Amyl acetate was used as one of the solvents
in making celluloid film and as fuel for the Alteneck lamp,
adopted as the standard light in sensitometry by the International
Congress of Photography in 1889.
Vorbereitung Methode
n-Amyl acetate is the produced by the esterification of
N-amyl alcohol with acetic acid.
Definition
ChEBI: An acetate ester of pentanol.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A mixture of isomers. A clear colorless liquid with a banana-like odor. Flash point varies from 65°F. to 95°F. Less dense (at 7.2 lb / gal) than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
AMYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Amyl acetate is incompatible with the following: Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids .
Hazard
Flammable, high fire risk. Explosive limits
in air 1.1–7.5%.
Health Hazard
n-Amyl acetate is a narcotic, an irritant tothe eyes and respiratory passage, and at highconcentrations, an anesthesia. Exposure toabout 300 ppm in air for 30 minutes mayproduce eye irritation in humans. Higherconcentrations (>1000 ppm) may produceheadache, somnolence, and narcotic effects.Exposure to 5200 ppm for 8 hours was lethalto rats. It is more toxic than the loweraliphatic esters. An LD50 value in rats iswithin the range 6000 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Chemische Reaktivität
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. Human systemic
effects by inhalation: conjunctiva irritation,
headache, and somnolence. A human eye
irritant. Apparently more toxic than butyl
acetate. Chronic toxicity is of a low order.
Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat
or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.
Moderately explosive in the form of vapor
when exposed to flame. To fight fire, use
alcohol foam, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also ESTERS, AMYL
ALCOHOL, and ACETIC ACID.
mögliche Exposition
(n-isomer): Primary irritant (w/o allergic
reaction), (sec-isomer) Human Data. Amyl acetates are
used as industrial solvents and in the manufacturing and
dry-cleaning industry; making artificial fruit-flavoring
agents; cements, coated papers, lacquers; in medications
as an inflammatory agent; pet repellents, insecticides and
miticide. Many other uses.
Carcinogenicity
Not listed by ACGIH, California
Proposition 65, IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. Hydrolyzes in water forming acetic acid and 1-pentanol.
At an influent concentration of 985 mg/L, treatment with GAC resulted in an effluent
concentration of 119 mg/L. The adsorbability of the carbon used was 175 mg/g carbon (Guisti et
al., 1974).
Versand/Shipping
UN1993 Flammable liquids, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name
Required.
läuterung methode
Shake the ester with saturated NaHCO3 solution until neutral, washed it with water, dry with MgSO4 and distil it. The ester has also been purfied by repeated fractional distillation through an efficient column or spinning band column. [Timmermann & Hennant-Roland J Chim Phys 52 223 1955, Mumford & Phillips J Chem Soc 75 1950, 1H NMR: Crawford & Foster Can J Phys 34 653 1956, Beilstein 2 IV 152.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Vapors may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, nitrates. May soften certain plastics.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator
equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for
the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be
disposed properly by following package label directions or
by contacting your local or federal environmental control
agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.
Pentylacetat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
