4,4'-Diamino-diphenyl-methan Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE BIS BLASSGELBE FLOCKEN MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH. VERFäRBEN SICH DUNKEL BEI KONTAKT MIT LUFT.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen oder Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Anilin und Stickstoffoxiden. Schwache Base. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 0.1 ppm (als TWA); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A3 (bestätigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Hautresorption; Sensibilisierung der Haut; Krebserzeugend Kategorie 2 (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf die Leber mit nachfolgenden Leberschäden.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Kontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R45:Kann Krebs erzeugen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R48/20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich: Gefahr ernster Gesundheitsschäden bei längerer Exposition durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R68:Irreversibler Schaden möglich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Beschreibung
4,4'-Methylenedianiline is an industrial chemical that is not known to occur naturally. It is also commonly known as diaminodiphenylmethane or MDA. It occurs as a colorless to pale yellow solid and has a faint odor. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is used mainly for making polyurethane foams, which have a variety of uses, such as insulating materials in mailing containers. It is also used for making coating materials, glues, Spandex? fiber, dyes, and rubber. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is also a by-product of azo dyes. It is also possibly formed by hydrolysis of diphenylmethane-4A'-diisocyanate.
Chemische Eigenschaften
4,4-Diaminodiphenylmethane is a pale yellow crystalline solid (turns light brown on contact with air) with a faint amine-like odor that is unstable in the presence of light or air and emits toxic fumes of aniline and nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is primarily used in industry as a chemical intermediate in the production of 4,4-methylenedianiline diisocyanates and polyisocyanates, but is also used as a cross-linking agent for the determination of tungsten and sulfates, and as a corrosion inhibitor. Exposure to this substance irritates the skin and eyes and causes liver damage. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. (NCI05)
Verwenden
4,4'-methylenedianiline be used as organic intermediates. Mainly used for the synthesis of polyimide and as curing agent of epoxy resin.
Definition
ChEBI: 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is an aromatic amine that is diphenylmethane substituted at the 4-position of each benzene ring by an amino group. It is primarily used in industry as a chemical intermediate in the production of 4,4-methylenedianiline diisocyanates and polyisocyanates.?
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A tan flake or lump solid with a faint fishlike odor. May be toxic by inhalation or ingestion, and may be irritating to skin. Insoluble in water.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Oxidizes slowly in air in a reaction catalyzed by light. Somewhat hygroscopic. Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
4,4'-Methylenedianiline polymerizes if heated above 257° F. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is also incompatible with acids. Catalyzes isocyanate-alcohol and epoxide reactions. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Brandgefahr
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental tumorigenic data. Human
poison by ingestion. Poison by
subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion:
rigidity, jaundice, other liver changes. An eye
irritant. Mutation data reported. It is not
rapidly absorbed through the skin.
Combustible when exposed to heat or
flame. When heated to decomposition it
emits highly toxic fumes of aniline and NOx.
mögliche Exposition
Used as an intermediate and as a curing
agent. Approximately 99% of the DDM produced is con-
sumed in its crude form (occasionally containing not more
than 50% DDM and ply-DDM) at its production site by reac-
tion with phosgene in the preparation of isocyanates and poly-
isocyanates. These isocyanates and polyisocyanates are
employed in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams
which find application as thermal insulation. Polyisocyanates
are also used in the preparation of the semiflexible polyure-
thane foams used for automotive safety cushioning. DDM is
also used as: an epoxy hardening agent; a raw material in the
production of polyurethane elastomers; in the rubber industry
as a curative for Neoprene and as an antifrosting agent (anti-
oxidant) in footwear; a raw material in the production of
Quana nylon; and a raw material in the preparation of poly
(amide-imide) resins (used in magnet wire enamels).
Carcinogenicity
4,4′-Methylenedianiline and its dihydrochloride salt are reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
Environmental Fate
MDA is a pale brown crystalline powder with a faint aminelike
odor. Exposure to air and light results in polymerization and
oxidation of MDA. When heated, MDA produces toxic fumes of
aniline and nitrogen oxides.
Most MDA enters the environment when it is produced or
used to make other compounds. Forty-five percent of the
produced compound is released to deep soil, 52.6% to the air,
and 2.4% to land and water. Once in the environment, it will
be mainly present as tiny particles in the air and it is removed
from the atmosphere by dry deposition, rain, and snow
scavenging. A small amount is transformed by reaction with
hydroxyl radicals. In water, most of MDA will attach to
particles and sediments, and will eventually settle to the
bottom.
The estimated half-life of biodegradation in surface water,
groundwater, and soil is 1–7 days, 2–14 days, and 1–7 days,
respectively. With respect to aquatic ecosystems, bioconcentration
factor values of 3.0–14 suggest that bioconcentration
is low, in addition this compound does not tend
to build up in the food chain. When released to soil, it is
expected to have slight to no mobility. Similarly, volatilization
from both moist and dry soil surfaces is not expected to be
important.
Versand/Shipping
UN2651 4,40
-Diaminodiphenyl methane, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
läuterung methode
Crystallise the amine from water, 95% EtOH or *benzene. [Beilstein 13 IV 390.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Dust forms and explosive mixture
with air. May polymerize in temperatures .125℃
. A weak
base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong acids. Flammable gas-
eous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong
reducing agents, such as hydrides
.
Waste disposal
Controlled incineration
(oxides of nitrogen are removed from the effluent gas by
scrubbers and/or thermal devices).
4,4'-Diamino-diphenyl-methan Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
