Methylcyclohexan Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich. Fließen, Schütten o.ä. kann zu elektrostatischer Aufladung führen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 400 ppm (als TWA); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 200 ppm 810 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(2); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D; (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Exposition kann Bewusstseinstrübung verursachen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit trockenem Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und Dämpfe.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R65:Gesundheitsschädlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungenschäden verursachen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Methylcyclohexane, an alkene, is a colorless
liquid with a faint benzene-like odor. The odor threshold is 630 ppm (this is above the OEL).
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear colorless, very flammable liquid with a faint odor similar to benzene or cyclohexane. An
odor threshold concentration of 150 ppb
v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
Verwenden
Methylcyclohexane is used as a solvent and reagent in organic synthesis and polymer chemistry. It is a component of jet fuel and also used as correction fluid in certain consumer products. It acts as a starting material for toluene synthesis
Verwenden
Methylcyclohexane is an environmentally friendly coating, mainly used as solvent for ink, rubber, paint, varnish, oil and grease extraction solvent, chromatographic analysis standard substance, also can be used in organic synthesis and analytical reagents.
Vorbereitung Methode
Methylcyclohexane is separated by distillation from crude
petroleum oils, and also produced by hydrogenation of
toluene, reaction of benzene with methane, or acidic hydrocracking
of polycyclic aromatics.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point 25°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as Methylcyclohexane, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents.
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Lowerexplosive limit 1.2% in air. Upper respiratory tractirritant, central nervous system impairment, liverand kidney damage.
Health Hazard
Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Vapor or mist is irritating to the eyes, mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract and skin. Narcotic effects and dermititis.
Brandgefahr
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapor may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flashback containing explosion may occur during fire conditions. Forms explosive mixtures in air.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation and skin
contact. This material does not cause
irritation to the eyes and nose, and, even at
the level of 500 ppm, exhbits only a very
faint odor. Therefore, it cannot be said to
have any warning properties. It is believed
to be about three times as toxic as hexane,
and has caused death by tetanic spasm in animals. In sublethal concentrations, it
causes narcosis and anesthesia. Dangerous
fire hazard and moderate explosion hazard
when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidzers.
To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and fumes.
mögliche Exposition
Methylcyclohexane is used as a solvent for cellulose derivatives particularly with other solvents; and as an organic intermediate in organic synthesis.
A component of jet fuel.
Environmental Fate
Biological. May be oxidized by microbes to 4-methylcyclohexanol, which may oxidize to give
4-methylcycloheptanone (Dugan, 1972).
Photolytic. Based on a photooxidation rate constant 1.04 x 10
-11 cm
3/molecule?sec for the
reaction of cyclohexane and OH radicals in the atmosphere at 298 K, the estimated lifetime of
methylcyclohexane is 13 h (Altshuller, 1991).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Methycyclohexane will not hydrolyze in water because it does not contain a hydrolyzable
functional group.
Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water. Incomplete combustion also yields
carbon monoxide.
Versand/Shipping
UN2296 Methylcyclohexane, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
läuterung methode
Passage through a column of activated silica gel gives material transparent down to 220nm. It can also be purified by passage through a column of activated basic alumina, or by azeotropic distillation with MeOH, followed by washing out the MeOH with H2O, drying and distilling. Methylcyclohexane can be dried with CaSO4, CaH2 or sodium. It has also been purified by shaking with a mixture of conc H2SO4 and HNO3 in the cold, washing with H2O, drying with CaSO4 and fractionally distilling it from potassium. Percolation through a Celite column impregnated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), phosphoric acid and H2O (prepared by grinding 0.5g DNPH with 6mL 85% H3PO4, then mixing with 4mL of distilled H2O and 10g of Celite) removes carbonyl-containing impurities. [Cowan et al. J Chem Soc 1865 1939, Beilstein 5 III 65, 5 IV 94.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Vapor may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks some plastics, rubber and
coatings
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the
material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
All federal, state, and local environmental regulations
must be observed.
Methylcyclohexan Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
