4-Methylpentan-2-on Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe mischen sich leicht mit Luft. Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Bildung explosionsfähiger Peroxide bei Kontakt mit Luft möglich. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln und starken Reduktionsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 50 ppm (als TWA); 75 ppm (als STEL); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 20 ppm, 83 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(2); Hautresorption; Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz und der Dampf reizen Augen, Haut und Atemwege. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem (bei hohen Konzentrationen) mit nachfolgender Narkose.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und Dämpfe.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R20:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen.
R36/37:Reizt die Augen und die Atmungsorgane.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spröder oder rissiger Haut führen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.
Beschreibung
4-Methyl-2-pentanone has a pleasant odor. May be prepared by
hydrogenation of mesityl oxide over Ni at 160 - 190°C; also by
oxidation of methyl isobutyl carbinol.
Chemische Eigenschaften
4-Methyl-2-pentanone has a fruity, ethereal, spicy (on dilution) odor.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless, watery liquid with a mild, pleasant odor. Odor threshold concentration is 47 ppb
v
(Leonardos et al., 1969). Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold
concentrations were 400 μg/m
3 (100 ppb
v) and 1.1 mg/m
3 (270 ppb
v), respectively (Hellman and
Small, 1974).
Occurrence
Reported found in orange and lemon juice, grape; vinegar, baked potato, papaya, ginger, wheat bread, cheeses,
milk, cooked egg, roast chicken, cooked beef, lamb fat, pork liver, hop oil, beer, cognac, coffee, tea, plumcot, plum brandy, mushroom, trassi, sesame seed, buckwheat, wort, elder flower, Bourbon vanilla, clary and red sage, crab, clam and Chinese quince.
Verwenden
Methyl isobutyl ketone (hexone, isobutyl methyl ketone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone) is an organic solvent similar in structure and use to methyl butyl ketone. In addition to its use as a solvent for paints, lacquers, and varnishes, methyl isobutyl ketone is used in extraction processes and as a denaturant for rubbing alcohol. Methyl isobutyl ketone is also used as a synthetic flavoring in some varieties of rum, candy, and cheese. Unlike methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone has not been found to occur naturally.
Vorbereitung Methode
Methyl isobutyl ketone can be manufactured by two processes
. The first is a mixed ketone process where MiBK,
diisobutyl ketone, and acetone are coproduced in a single
reaction using isopropanol as a starting material. The second
method is used to produce the majority of MiBK and involves
a three-step reaction sequence in which diacetone alcohol
and mesityl oxide are formed as intermediates.
synthetische
By hydrogenation of mesityl oxide over Ni at 160 to 190°C; also by oxidation of methyl isobutyl carbinol.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 73°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone is sensitive to air (may form explosive peroxides). Slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
4-Methyl-2-pentanone is incompatible with caustic soda and other strong alkalis, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and other strong inorganic acids, amines and oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid and chromium trioxide. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone reacts violently with potassium tert-butoxide. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone reacts vigorously with reducing materials. .
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosivelimits in air 1.4–7.5%. Avoid ingestion and inhala-tion. Upper respiratory tract irritant, dizziness, andheadache. Possible carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Vapor causes irritation of eyes and nose; high concentrations cause anesthesia and depression. Liquid dries out skin and may cause dermatitis; irritates eyes but does not injure them.
Chemische Reaktivität
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
mögliche Exposition
MIBK is used as a solvent; a denaturant; and as an extractant; in the manufacture of methyl
amyl alcohol; as a solvent in paints, varnishes, and lacquers; as an alcohol denaturant; as a solvent in uranium
extraction from fission products.
Carcinogenicity
The National Toxicology Program
conducted cancer bioassays by exposing groups of
50 male and 50 female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice to
MiBK vapor at 0, 450, 900, or 1800 ppm 6h/day, 5 days/
week for 2 years. Survival and body weight gain
were decreased in male rats at 1800 ppm. Body weight
gain was also decreased in male rats at 900 and in female
mice at 1800ppm. A higher incidence of mineralization of
the renal papilla was observed in male rats at all MiBK
exposure levels. Chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN) and
the incidences of adenoma and adenoma or carcinoma
(combined) were increased for the male 1800 ppm exposure
group. The severity of CPN and renal tubular hyperplasia was
increased in all male rat exposure groups. An uncertain
increase in mononuclear cell leukemia, adrenal medulla
hyperplasia, and a positive trend for increases in benign or
malignant pheochromocytomas (combined) were reported
for the 1800 ppm male group. The NTP considered that there
was some evidence of carcinogenic activity in male rats
based on increased incidences of renal tubule neoplasms.
None of the rodent bioassay results were considered clear
evidence of carcinogenicity by NTP.
Versand/Shipping
UN1245 Methyl isobutyl ketone, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
läuterung methode
Reflux the ketone with a little KMnO4, wash it with aqueous NaHCO3, dry with CaSO4 and distil it. Acidic impurities are removed by passage through a small column of activated alumina. [Beilstein 1 IV 3305.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, potassium tert-butoxide; strong acids; aliphatic
amines; reducing agents
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Incineration.
4-Methylpentan-2-on Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
3,5-Dimethylhex-1-in-3-ol
1-((2-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-4-pro-pyl-1,3-dioxalan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol
2,3,6-Trimethylphenol
(1,3-DIMETHYL-BUTYL)-HYDRAZINE
Fosinopril
Oxatomid
N-1,3-Dimethylbutyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin
2,2'-Azobis[2,4-dimethylvaleronitril]
IMIBENCONAZOLE
Gestoden
Diniobpentaoxid
Ranitidin
4,5-DIAMINO-6-METHYLPYRIMIDINE
(1H-INDAZOL-3-YL)-ACETIC ACID
1,2-Dihydroxybenzol
Loperamid
1-(3,4-Dichlorphenyl)piperazin
2-(MORPHOLINE-4-CARBONYL)-BENZOIC ACID
Milrinon
Domperidon
Dikaliumheptafluorotantalat
