ニトロフラゾン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
黄色〜黄褐色, 結晶性粉末〜粉末
溶解性
N ,N -ジメチルホルムアミドに溶ける。
解説
ニトロフラゾン,黄色の結晶性の粉末で，無臭，わずかに苦味を呈する．ジメチルホルムアミドに可溶，水，エタノール，酢酸エチルに難溶，エーテル，クロロホルムに不溶．局所殺菌消毒薬．各種のグラム陰性および陽性菌に有効である．数日以上続けて使用すると皮膚の過敏症を起こすことがある．皮膚表面の感染症に軟膏または0.2～0.02％ 溶液として局所的に用いる．[CAS 59-87-0]
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
保存料等
効能
抗菌薬
製造
ニトロフラゾン,フルフリリデンジアセタートをニトロ化し，ピリジン処理してから加水分解して5-ニトロ-2-フルアルデヒドを得る．これにセミカルバジドを作用させてつくる．
説明
Nitrofurazone is an antibacterial agent used in animal
feed. Occupational dermatitis was reported in cattle
breeders and farmers.
化学的特性
white to light yellow crystal powde
使用
Nitrofurazone is a topical anti-infective and bactericide for most pathogens commonly causing surface infections; in the adjunctive therapy of
patients with second and third degree bums when bacterial resistance to other agents is areal or potential problem; in skin grafting
where bacterial contamination may cause graft rejection and/or donor-site infection; antibacterial agent for the treatment or
prevention of infections in a variety of conditions involving skin, eyes, ears, nose and genito-urinary tract; used on pyodermas, ulcers,
and wounds; affects some protozoa and is an effective prophylaxis against nosocomial infections; antiseptic lubricant for trans urethral
resection; anti-microbial in veterinary medicine.
適応症
Nitrofurazone (Furacin), a synthetic nitrofuran derivative with a broad antibacterial
spectrum. Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown, it is thought to
inhibit bacterial enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. It is not effective
against fungal or viral organisms. It is used as adjunctive therapy in patients with
second- and third-degree burns when bacterial resistance to other antiinfective agents
is a potential problem. It is not effective in the treatment ofminor burns or superficial
bacterial infections involving wounds, cutaneous ulcers, or various pyodermas. It is
rarely used by dermatologists as it carries a high risk of acquired contact sensitivity.
定義
ChEBI: A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcer
, wounds and skin infections.
世界保健機関（WHO）
Nitrofural, a nitrofuran derivative with broad-spectrum
antibacterial activity, was introduced in the early 1940s for the topical treatment of various skin conditions. It has also been used systemically for the treatment of
African trypasonomiasis. Following recent findings of in vitro mutagenicity and of
carcinogenicity in experimental animals, use of topical preparations containing this
substance was restricted in Germany. Nitrofural remains registered in several
countries and the World Health Organization is not aware of restrictive action
having been taken elsewhere.
一般的な説明
Odorless pale yellow needles or yellow powder. pH (saturated aqueous solution) 6.0 - 6.5. Alkaline solutions are dark orange.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Furacilin darkens on prolonged exposure to light. Furacilin can react violently with reducing materials. .
火災危険
Flash point data for Furacilin are not available; however, Furacilin is probably combustible.
応用例（製薬）
A synthetic compound used in the topical treatment of
wounds and burns and as an instillation for bladder washout.
A nitrofurazone-impregnated urinary catheter is said
to reduce infection in catheterized patients. Activity against
the common bacterial pathogens is sufficient to cover most
pathogens that cause infections of burns and wounds,
with the important exception of Ps. aeruginosa. Attention
has been drawn to its activity against methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, and its use in clearing carriage has
been suggested. Slight absorption occurs from intact skin
(c. 1%) and burned skin (5%). It is neither a primary irritant
nor a sensitizer, but some preparations contain
polyethylene glycol as a vehicle, and absorption can cause
problems in patients with reduced renal function. Of limited
availability.
接触アレルゲン
Nitrofurazone is an antibacterial agent used in animal
feeds. Occupational dermatitis was reported in cattle
breeders or farmers.
臨床応用
5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (Furacin) occurs asa lemon-yellow crystalline solid that is sparingly solublein water and practically insoluble in organic solvents.Nitrofurazone is chemically stable, but moderately lightsensitive.It is used topically in the treatment of burns, especiallywhen bacterial resistance to other agents may be a concern.It may also be used to prevent bacterial infection associatedwith skin grafts. Nitrofurazone has a broad spectrumof activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,but it is not active against fungi. It is bactericidalagainst most bacteria commonly causing surface infections,including S. aureus, Streptococcus spp., E. coli,Clostridium perfringens, Enterobacter (Aerobacter) aerogenes,and Proteus spp.; however, P. aeruginosa strainsare resistant.Nitrofurazone is marketed in solutions, ointments, andsuppositories in a usual concentration of 0.2%.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by
subcutaneous route. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplas tigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic
data, Experimental reproductive effects. A
human sensitizer. Human mutation data
reported. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx.
ニトロフラゾン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品