しゅう酸水素1-カリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色, 結晶～結晶性粉末
溶解性
熱水に易溶 (48.1g/100g 100℃), 冷水に微溶, アルコールに難溶。熱水に溶けやすく、冷水にやや溶けやすく、エタノールにほとんど溶けない。
用途
しみ抜き、金属表面処理及び洗剤原料。
説明
Potassium hydrogen oxalate, also known as potassium bioxalate, is a salt with formula KHC
2O
4 or K
+·HO
2C-CO
2-. It is one of the most common salts of the hydrogenoxalate anion, and can be obtained by reacting potassium hydroxide with oxalic acid in 1:1 mole ratio.
The salt is also known as potassium hydrogen oxalate , acid potassium oxalate, or monobasic potassium oxalate. In older literature, it was also called sorrel salt, sal acetosella ,
Potassium hydrogen oxalate occurs in some plants, notably sorrel. It is a commercial product, used in photography, marble grinding, and to remove ink stains.
化学的特性
The anhydrous product is a white, odorless, crystalline solid, hygroscopic and soluble in water (2.5 g/100 g at room temperature). The solutions are basic. Below 50 °C the much less soluble potassium tetraoxalate forms and precipitates out of solution.
The monohydrate KHC
2O
4·H
2O starts losing the water at 100 °C.
The anhydrous salt was found to have remarkable elastic anisotropy, due to its crystal structure that consists of relatively rigid columns of hydrogen-bonded hydrogenoxalate anions, joined into sheets by ionic K–O bonds. .
来歴
Potassium acid oxalate, KHC2O4, exists as a monohydrate. It is of historical interest because it is the salt of sorrel found in vegetation and the first oxalate isolated.
使用
Removing ink stains, scouring metals, cleaning
wood, photography, laboratory reagent, mordant.
一般的な説明
Odorless white solid. Sinks in water.
空気と水の反応
Hygroscopic. Gives basic solution, below 50°C dissolves in water and reacts to form the much less soluble potassium tetraoxalate, which separates out.
反応プロフィール
Salts, basic, such as Potassium binoxalate, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydroxide ions and have pH's greater than 7.0. They react as bases to neutralize acids. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of the bases in reactivity group 10 (Bases) and the neutralization of amines. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion.
健康ハザード
Inhalation of dust causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes burning pain in throat, esophagus, and stomach; exposed areas of mucous membrane turn white; vomiting, severe purging, weak pulse, and cardiovascular collapse; if death is delayed, neuromuscular symptoms develop. Contact with dust irritates eyes and may cause mild irritation of skin.
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic to humans by ingestion. Human systemic effects by ingestion and intravenous routes: general anesthetic, somnolence, fluid intake, blood pressure increase or decrease, esophagus changes,nausea or vomiting, and urine volume decrease or anu
毒性学
Potassium hydrogen oxalate is strongly irritating to eyes, mucoses and gastrointestinal tract. It may cause cardiac failure and death .
純化方法
Crystallise it from H2O by dissolving 20g in 100mL H2O at 60o containing 4g of potassium oxalate, filtering and allowing to cool to 25o. The crystals, after washing three or four times with water, are allowed to dry in air. [Beilstein 2 III 1552.]
しゅう酸水素1-カリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品