第二リン酸ナトリウム·12水和物 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色又は白色の結晶
定義
本品は、リン酸(*)の二ナトリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。
参照表示名称：リン酸
溶解性
水に溶けやすく、エタノールにほとんど溶けない。
用途
大気中のオキシダント測定用吸収液調製用。
用途
汎用試薬、調製液原料。
用途
食品添加物。
用途
医薬品、製剤原料。
用途
汎用試薬、調製液原料、りん酸塩pH緩衝液原料。
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤、腐蝕防止剤、緩衝剤、香料
効能
下剤
使用上の注意
温乾燥空気中で風解する。
化学的特性
white crystals
使用
Sodium Phosphate Dibasic Dodecahydrate is used in method for preparing self-supporting membrane.
調製方法
Either bone phosphate (bone ash), obtained by heating bones to
whiteness, or the mineral phosphorite is used as a source of tribasic
calcium phosphate, which is the starting material in the industrial
production of dibasic sodium phosphate.
Tribasic calcium phosphate is finely ground and digested with
sulfuric acid. This mixture is then leached with hot water and
neutralized with sodium carbonate, and dibasic sodium phosphate
is crystallized from the filtrate.
定義
ChEBI: A hydrate that is the dodecahydrate form of disodium hydrogenphosphate
一般的な説明
Sodium phosphate is a colorless crystalline sodium salt. It is widely used as a buffer in molecular biology, biochemistry, and chromatographic studies. It exists in three forms: monobasic (NaH
2PO
4), dibasic (Na
2HPO
4), and tribasic (Na
3PO
4). Monobasic and dibasic forms in varying ratios are commonly used to compose the neutral sodium phosphate buffer solution.
応用例（製薬）
Dibasic sodium phosphate is used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical
formulations as a buffering agent and as a sequestering agent.
Therapeutically, dibasic sodium phosphate is used as a mild laxative
and in the treatment of hypophosphatemia.
Dibasic sodium phosphate is also used in food products; for
example as an emulsifier in processed cheese.
安全性
Dibasic sodium phosphate is widely used as an excipient in
parenteral, oral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Phosphate occurs extensively in the body and is involved in
many physiological processes since it is the principal anion of
intracellular fluid. Most foods contain adequate amounts of
phosphate, making hypophosphatemia (phosphate deficiency)
virtually unknown except for certain disease states or in patients
receiving total parenteral nutrition. Treatment is usually by the oral
administration of up to 100 mmol of phosphate daily.
Approximately two-thirds of ingested phosphate is absorbed
from the gastrointestinal tract, virtually all of it being excreted in the
urine, and the remainder is excreted in the feces.
Excessive administration of phosphate, particularly intravenously,
rectally, or in patients with renal failure, can cause
hyperphosphatemia that may lead to hypocalcemia or other severe
electrolyte imbalances. Adverse effects occur less frequently
following oral consumption, although phosphates act as mild saline
laxatives when administered orally or rectally. Consequently,
gastrointestinal disturbances including diarrhea, nausea, and
vomiting may occur following the use of dibasic sodium phosphate
as an excipient in oral formulations. However, the level of dibasic
sodium phosphate used as an excipient in a pharmaceutical
formulation is not usually associated with adverse effects.
LD50 (rat, oral): 17 g/kg
貯蔵
The anhydrous form of dibasic sodium phosphate is hygroscopic.
When heated to 40℃, the dodecahydrate fuses; at 100℃ it loses its
water of crystallization; and at a dull-red heat (about 240℃) it is
converted into the pyrophosphate, Na4P2O7. Aqueous solutions of
dibasic sodium phosphate are stable and may be sterilized by
autoclaving.
The bulk material should be stored in an airtight container, in a
cool, dry place.
不和合性
Dibasic sodium phosphate is incompatible with alkaloids, antipyrine,
chloral hydrate, lead acetate, pyrogallol, resorcinol and
calcium gluconate, and ciprofloxacin. Interaction between calcium and phosphate, leading to the formation of insoluble
calcium-phosphate precipitates, is possible in parenteral admixtures.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
GRAS listed. Accepted in Europe for use as a food additive.
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections;
infusions; nasal, ophthalmic, oral, otic, topical, and vaginal
preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines
licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable
Non-medicinal Ingredients.
第二リン酸ナトリウム·12水和物 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品