p-キシレン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液体
溶解性
水に微溶 (0.02g/100ml水, 25℃), エタノール, エーテルに混和。エタノール、エーテル、アセトン、二硫化炭素に可溶。水にほとんど不溶。エタノールに溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
合成原料［o-キシレン(無水フタル酸等)、ｍ-シレン(イソフタル酸、メタキシレンジアミン、キシレン樹脂)、p-キシレン (テレフタル酸、ジメチルテレフタレート等)、混合キシレン (エチルベンゼン、ベンゼン)］、溶剤、塗料?接着剤?漁網防汚剤?農薬の補助剤、ガソリン添加剤 (アンチノック剤) (NITE初期リスク評価書).
化学的特性
colourless liquid
物理的性質
Clear, colorless, watery liquid with a sweet odor. Odor threshold concentrations reported in air
were 47 ppb
v by Leonardos et al. (1969) and 58 ppb
v by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
使用
p-Xylene is used as a precursor in the production of benzoic, isophthalic, tetraphillic acids and dimethyle esters, which are used in the manufacture of polyester. It acts as an intermediate in plastic and rubber products.
定義
ChEBI: A xylene with methyl groups at positions 1 and 4.
調製方法
Pure p-xylene can be obtained from a mixture of o- and p-xylene by sulfonation and subsequent removal of water-soluble o-xylenesulfonic acid.
一般的な説明
A colorless watery liquid with a sweet odor. Less dense than water. Insoluble in water. Irritating vapor. Freezing point is 56°F.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
P-XYLENE may react with oxidizing materials. . Acetic acid forms explosive mixtures with P-XYLENE and air (Shraer, B.I. 1970. Khim. Prom. 46(10):747-750.).
健康ハザード
Vapors cause headache and dizziness. Liquid irritates eyes and skin. If taken into lungs, causes severe coughing, distress, and rapidly developing pulmonary edema. If ingested, causes nausea, vomiting, cramps, headache, and coma. Can be fatal. Kidney and liver damage can occur.
火災危険
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.
化学反応性
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. Mildly toxic by
ingestion and inhalation. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. May be narcotic in hgh
concentrations. Chronic toxicity not
established, but is less toxic than benzene. A
very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to
heat or flame; can react with oxidzing
materials. Explosive in the form of vapor
when exposed to heat or flame. To fight
fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.
Potentially explosive reaction with acetic
acid + air, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-
imidazolidinhone, nitric acid + pressure.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also
other xylene entries.
純化方法
The general purification methods listed for xylene above are applicable. p-Xylene can readily be separated from its isomers by crystallisation from such solvents as MeOH, EtOH, isopropanol, acetone, butanone, toluene, pentane or pentene. It can be further purified by fractional crystallisation by partial freezing, and stored over sodium wire or molecular sieves Linde type 4A. [Stokes & French J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 76 537 1980, Beilstein 5 H 382, 5 I 185, 5 II 296, 5 III 845, 5 IV 951.]
p-キシレン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
テトラクロロテレフタル酸ジメチル
テレフタルアルデヒド
メトトリン
o-キシレン
3-(2-チエニル)アクリル酸メチル
p-キシリレンジアミン
1,4-ビス(メトキシメチル)ベンゼン
1-[(4-クロロフェニル)フェニルメチル]-4-メチルピペラジン·塩酸塩
p-トルアルデヒド
α,α,α,α',α',α'-ヘキサクロロ-p-キシレン
シクロオクタノン
1-メチルピペラジン-2-オン
m-キシレン
1,2,4,5-テトラブロモ-3,6-ビス(ブロモメチル)ベンゼン
無水ピロメリト酸
Pigment Red 122
4-(クロロメチル)安息香酸
テレフタロイルクロリド
m-キシリレンジアミン
4-(ブロモメチル)安息香酸
1-[α-(p-クロロフェニル)ベンジル]-4-メチルピペラジン
α,α'-ジブロモ-p-キシレン
テレフタロニトリル
α,α'-ジクロロ-p-キシリレン
p-トルイル酸
α-ブロモ-p-キシレン
テレフタル酸
テレフタル酸ジメチル