メチルシクロペンタン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
溶剤、クリーナー添加剤。
化学的特性
Methylcyclopentane is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet gasoline-like odor. An odor threshold concentration of 1.7 ppmv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990). Soluble in ether, miscible with alcohol and benzene, insoluble in water.
使用
Methylcyclopentane can undergo ring opening or ring enlargement to yield various hydrocarbons including branched and unbranched hexanes, cyclohexane and benzene.
定義
ChEBI: Methylcyclopentane is a cycloalkane that is cyclopentane substituted by a single methyl group. It has a role as a human metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is a cycloalkane and a volatile organic compound. It derives from a hydride of a cyclopentane.
製造方法
Methylcyclopentane mainly exists in industrial hexane, accounting for about 5%. However, because its boiling point is close to that of n-hexane (68.74°C), it is difficult to completely separate it by general rectification methods. Therefore, methylcyclopentane with a purity of more than 99% can be obtained by azeotropic distillation with methanol.
一般的な説明
Methylcyclopentane appears as a colorless liquid. Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Flash point near 20 °F. Very dangerous fire risk. Vapors may be narcotic and irritating. Used to make other chemicals.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Methylcyclopentane can react vigorously with oxidizers. (NTP, 1992).
危険性
Flammable, dangerous fire and explosionrisk. May be irritant and narcotic.
健康ハザード
Inhalation causes dizziness, nausea, and vomiting; concentrated vapor may cause unconsciousness and collapse. Liquid causes irritation of eyes and mild irritation of skin if allowed to remain. Ingestion causes irritation of stomach. Aspiration causes severe lung irritation, rapidly developing pulmonary edema, and central nervous system excitement followed by depression.
火災危険
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.
安全性プロファイル
Mildly toxic by
inhalation. Probably irritating and narcotic
in high concentration. Very dangerous fire
hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or
oxidizers. Can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use foam,
CO2, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
職業ばく露
This material is used as a solvent;
as a fuel; and in chemical synthesis.
環境運命予測
Photolytic. A photooxidation rate constant of 7.0 x 10
-12 cm
3/molecule?sec was reported for the
reaction of methylcyclopentane and OH radicals in the atmosphere (Atkinson, 1990).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Methylcyclopentane will not hydrolyze because it does not contain a hydrolyzable functional
group.
At elevated temperatures, rupture of the ring occurs and 1-propene is produced in a 40% yield.
Other products include hydrogen and cyclic mono- and diolefins (Rice and Murphy, 1942).
輸送方法
UN2298 Methyl cyclo pentane, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid
純化方法
Purification procedures include passage through columns of silica gel (prepared by heating in nitrogen to 350o prior to use) and activated basic alumina, distillation from sodium-potassium alloy, and azeotropic distillation with MeOH, followed by washing out the methanol with water, drying and distilling. It can be stored with CaH2 or sodium. [Vogel J Chem Soc 1331 1938, Beilstein 5 III 55, 5 IV 84.]
不和合性
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
廃棄物の処理
Dissolve or mix the
material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
All federal, state, and local environmental regulations
must be observed.
メチルシクロペンタン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品