γバレロラクトン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水, エタノール, エーテルと混和。水、エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすい。
説明
γ-Valerolactone (Item No. 28240) is an analytical reference standard categorized as a prodrug form of γ-hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV; ). This product is intended for research and forensic applications.
化学的特性
γ-Valerolactone has a sweet, herbaceous odor.
天然物の起源
Reported found in boiled beef, beef fat, beer, cacao, Swiss cheese, ground and roasted coffee, roasted filberts,
milk fat, dried mushroom, peach, roasted peanuts, heated pork fat, black tea and yogurt. Also reported found in peach, strawberry
jam, tomato, wheaten bread, Gruyere cheese, heated butter, cooked beef, white wine, red wine, coffee and Bourbon vanilla.
使用
γ-Valerolactone is a naturally occurring chemical found in fruits and is frequently used as a food additive. It can be converted to liquid alkenes which can be used as transportation fuels. γ-Valerolactone is widely used in dye baths (coupling agent), brake fluids, cutting
oils, and as solvent for adhesives, insecticides, and
lacquers.
製造方法
By reduction of levulinic acid followed by cyclization.
一般的な説明
γ-Valerolactone has been identified as one of the volatile flavor constituents in mango and honey.
一般的な説明
γ-Valerolactone?(GVL) is a dipolar aprotic, bio-based, fully degradable, non-toxic green solvent and has been aligned with "Safer Solvent and Auxiliaries"," Use of Renewable Feedstocks and Design for Degradation".
反応プロフィール
gamma-Valerolactone is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. gamma-Valerolactone is incompatible with strong oxidizers. . gamma-Valerolactone is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. gamma-Valerolactone is also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases and strong reducing agents. .
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. A skin irritant. Mutation data
reported. Combustible liquid when exposed
to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing
materials. To fight fire, use water, foam,
CO2, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
純化方法
Purify the -lactone by repeated fractional distillation [Boorman & Linstead J Chem Soc 577, 580 1933]. IR: max 1790 (CS2), 1775 (CHCl3) cm-1 [Jones et al. Can J Chem 3 7 2007 1959]. The BF3-complex distils at 110-111o/20mm [Reppe et al. Justus Liebigs Ann Chem 596 179 1955]. It is characterized by conversion to -hydroxy-n-valeramide on treatment with NH3, m 51.5-52o (by slow evaporation of a CHCl3 solution). [Beilstein 17 H 235, 17 I 131, 17 II 288, 17 III/IV 4176, 17/9 V 24.]
γバレロラクトン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品