2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～わずかにうすい黄色, 澄明の液体
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表されるアミノアルコールである。
溶解性
水に混和。エタノール, エーテルに易溶。水、エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすい。
用途
塗料用溶剤、合成樹脂、乳化剤、医薬原料
用途
染料、せんい、腐食防止剤、医薬品、化学合成の中間体、局所麻酔薬プロカイン等の前駆体、アミノ樹脂安定剤、防さび剤
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤
効能
向知性薬
化学的特性
colorless or slightly yellow liquid with ammonia odor. It is miscible with water, ethanol, benzene, ether and acetone.
使用
2-Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol, DMAE) may be employed as a ligand in the copper-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and iodides.
製造方法
The synthesis of 2-Dimethylaminoethanol by the ethylene oxide method is obtained by the ammonification of dimethylamine with ethylene oxide, which is distilled, refined and dehydrated.
定義
ChEBI: N,N-dimethylethanolamine is a tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents. It has a role as a curing agent and a radical scavenger. It is a tertiary amine and a member of ethanolamines.
調製方法
Synthesis of dimethylaminoethanol can be accomplished from equimolar amounts
of ethylene oxide and dimethylamine (HSDB 1988).
一般的な説明
A clear colorless liquid with a fishlike odor. Flash point 105°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion. Used to make other chemicals.
空気と水の反応
Flammable. Partially soluble in water and less dense than water.
反応プロフィール
DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. N,N-Dimethylethanolamine may react vigorously with oxidizing materials.
健康ハザード
Dimethylaminoethanol is classified as a mild skin irritant and a severe eye irritant (HSDB 1988). Doses as high as 1200 mg daily produce no serious side effects and a single dose of 2500 mg taken in a suicide attempt had no adverse effects (Gosselin et al 1976). Inhalation of the vapor or mist can cause irritation to the upper respiratory tract. Asthmatic symptoms have been reported. Extremely irritating; may cause permanent eye injury. Corrosive; will cause severe skin damage with burns and blistering. Ingestion may cause damage to the mucous membranes and gastrointestinal tract. No reports were found in the literature regarding carcinogenic or mutagenic potential.
工業用途
Dimethylaminoethanol is used as a chemical intermediate for antihistamines and
local anesthetics; as a catalyst for curing epoxy resins and polyurethanes; and as a
pH control agent for boiler water treatment. However, dimethylaminoethanol in
the salt form, (i.e. dimethylaminoethanol acetamidobenzoate) is primarily utilized
therapeutically as an antidepressant (HSDB 1988).
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, skin contact,
intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. A
skin and severe eye irritant. Used medically
as a central nervous system stimulant.
Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or
flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing
materials. Ignites spontaneously in contact
with cellulose nitrate of high surface area.
To fight fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2,
dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx
代謝
When administered orally, dimethylaminoethanol acetamidobenzoate (the therapeutic
salt formulation) has been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (HSDB 1988). Two other studies have examined the pharmacokinetics of dimethylaminoethanol
in rats (Dormand et al 1975) and healthy adults (Bismut et al 1986).
It has been postulated that dimethylaminoethanol undergoes endogenous methylation
(LaDu et al 1971). After intravenous treatment of mice with [
14C]-labeled
dimethylaminoethanol in the brain, dimethylaminoethanol yielded phosphoryldimethylaminoethanol
and phosphatidyldimethylaminoethanol. Acid-soluble and
lipid cholines derived from dimethylaminoethanol also were found in brain
(Miyazaki et al 1976). While examining the pharmacokinetics of the maleate acid
of [
14C]-dimethylaminoethanol in rats, Dormand et al (1975) observed that dimethylaminoethanol
was metabolized in the phospholipid cycle and produced
metabolites such as phosphoryldimethylaminoethanolamine, and glycerophosphatidylcholine.
In kainic-acid lesioned rats, dimethylaminoethanol was converted to
a substance which cross-reacted in the radioenzymatic assay for acetylcholine
(London et al 1978). Ansell and Spanner (1979) demonstrated that [
14C]-dimethylaminoethanol
rapidly disappeared from brain; after 0.5, 1, and 7 h, only 30, 27,
and 16% of the administered radioactivity, respectively, remained in the brain
after intracerebral injection. They also showed that brain levels of phosphodimethylaminoethanol
increased to a maximum at 1-2 h and decreased afterwards,
whereas concentrations of phosphatidylethanolamine increased continuously
throughout the 7 h observation period. This study further found that after i.p.
injections of labeled dimethylaminoethanol, the brain content of phosphatidylethanolamine
increased through the 7 h period and the levels were 10-40 fold higher
than those of phosphodimethylaminoethanol.
純化方法
Dry the amine with anhydrous K2CO3 or KOH, and fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 4 IV 1424.]
2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品