けつ岩油 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
性質
けつ岩油，油母けつ岩を乾留して得られる鉱油．主成分は炭化水素であるが，石油に比べてはるかに多量の酸素，窒素，硫黄などの各化合物を含み，また不飽和成分も多く，特有の悪臭がある．水素化分解，水素化精製などにより，各種の石油製品が得られる．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
燃料、石油化学製品
使用
Shale oil, as mentioned above, is used in the production of
gasoline, kerosene, gas oil, and lube oils. Other products that
can be made from shale oil include varnishes, pitches, and
mastics. The latter products are employed as solvents and glues,
and as starting materials for the printing and rubber products
industries. Sulfonated shale oils (e.g., Ichthyol) have found
uses as pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of skin diseases
such as eczema and psoriasis, rheumatic diseases, and even for
the treatment of blunt trauma. Human testing has shown that
sulfonated shale oils are without significant side effects and are
as effective as hydrocortisone in treating inflammatory lesions
of the skin.
定義
A mixed-base crude oil extracted from moun-
tains of sedimentary shale in Colorado, Utah, and
Wyoming by heating at 425–535C (approximately
800–1000F). Two methods can be used: surface
mining and excavation. In the first, the shale is bull-
dozed from bed
危険性
Confirmed carcinogen.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed human
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. Mildly
toxic by ingestion, skin contact, and
intraperitoneal routes. A skin irritant.
Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Flammable when exposed to
heat and flame. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
fumes.
環境運命予測
Releases of shale oil components to the environment can
occur in several ways during the extraction, processing, and
transport of this material. The more volatile components of
shale oil can be released to the atmosphere especially during
the retorting process when heat is applied to the shale.
Workers at shale processing plants and, to a lesser extent,
people residing near those operations can be exposed to the
lighter volatile organic chemical components of shale oil
released into the air. Spills or other accidental releases of shale
oil and its components can threaten wildlife and adversely
impact aquatic organisms if the material reaches surface
waters. In some areas, spills of oil could reach shallow aquifers
thus affecting ground water. Soil contamination is an obvious
result of such spills as well.
けつ岩油 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品