メチルアミン 塩酸塩 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～わずかにうすい黄色, 結晶性粉末～粉末
溶解性
水または熱エタノールに可溶。アセトン, クロロホルム及びジエチルエーテルに不溶。水, 無水アルコールに可溶、クロロホルム, アセトン, エーテル, 酢酸エチルに不溶。
用途
有機合成原料、合成中間体、医薬.医薬中間体、はんだフラックス、加硫促進剤、酸性ガス吸収剤 など。
使用上の注意
潮解性あり
化学的特性
white to light tan solid
使用
Methylamine is used as a building block for the synthesis of other organic compounds. It is on the DEA watchlist for chemical precursors because of clandestine use in manufacture of the drug MDMA (ecstasy) and methamphetamine.
The HCl salt is in the form of white deliquescent crystals, and is frequently substitutable for the aq. soln. in many synthesis preparations. Methylamines are used directly as catalysts or as raw materials to produce other compounds with catalytic activity. Fuel additives are used to improve engine performance in a variety of ways. Trimethylamine is used to make paper chemicals. The manufacture of intermediates to make pharmaceuticals is one of the most diverse uses of methylamines.
製造方法
Methylamine hydrochloride is prepared by heating a mixture of aqueous formaldehyde and ammonium chloride; the residual water and the formic acid produced in the reaction are removed via vacuum distillation. This leaves behind solid methylamine hydrochloride. The solid is then purified by organic extractions and additional vacuum distillations. Methylamine gas for the reaction with P2P is generated in situ by heating the hydrochloride salt with sodium hydroxide. Alternatively, methylamine can be liberated from the hydrochloride with base and collected in a cold finger or flask immersed in a dry ice bath.
主な応用
Methylamine hydrochloride can be used as a reactant to synthesize:
Betahistine via aza-Michael reaction with 2-vinylpyridine in water.
Azatripyrrolic and azatetrapyrrolic macrocycles by reacting with pyrrole and formaldehyde via base-catalyzed Mannich reaction.
Tetrahydropyridines via Aza-Diels–Alder reaction with dienes and aldehydes.
N-methylsecondary arylamines from aryl chlorides via nickel-catalyzed amination reaction.
定義
ChEBI: The hydrochloride formed from methylamine.
Solubility in organics
Very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide,Soluble in methanol,Sparingly soluble inglacial acetic acid, Very slightly soluble inchloroform.
Solubility in water
The experimental water solubility of Methylamine hydrochloride at 20 ℃ was 1080mg/L. Methylamine hydrochloride is highly soluble in water.
貯蔵
Keep in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly close
純化方法
Crystallise the salt from n-butanol, absolute EtOH or MeOH/CHCl3. Wash it with CHCl3 to remove traces of dimethylamine hydrochloride. Dry it under vacuum first with H2SO4 then P2O5. It is deliquescent; store it in a desiccator over P2O5. [Beilstein 4 IV 122.]
メチルアミン 塩酸塩 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品