二塩化ベンゼン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
ベンゼンの塩素置換体の一つ。その位置によりo(オルト)-、m(メタ)-、p(パラ)-ジクロロベンゼンの3種の異性体がある。o-、m-体は無色液体、p-体は無色固体。塩素によりベンゼンまたはクロロベンゼンを塩素化して得た3種の異性体の混合物を結晶化、蒸留することにより、各異性体が分離、精製される。用いる触媒の種類、温度などの反応条件により異性体の生成比は異なる。いずれも水には溶けず、エタノール、エーテルに溶ける。o-ジクロロベンゼンは染料の原料として、また種々の用途をもつ溶剤として用いられる。p-ジクロロベンゼンはもっとも多く用いられる衣類の防虫剤である。
化学的特性
There are three isomeric forms of dichlorobenzene (DCB):
m-DCB is a flammable liquid and vapor.
職業ばく露
The major uses of o-DCB are as
a process solvent in the manufacturing of toluene diisocyanate and as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs,
herbicides, and degreasers. p-Dichlorbenzene is used
primarily as a moth repellant, a mildew control agent;
space deodorant; and in insecticides, which accounts for
90% of the total production of this isomer. Information is
not available concerning the production and use of m-DCB.
However, it may occur as a contaminant of o-or p-DCB
formulations. Both o-and p-isomers are produced almost
entirely as by-products during the production of
monochlorobenzene
輸送方法
m-DCB: UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials,
Technical Name Required. United States DOT Regulated
Marine Pollutant. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous
substances, solis, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels:
9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical NameRequired. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances,
liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required
不和合性
For o-DCB and m-DCB: acid fumes,
chlorides, strong oxidizers; hot aluminum, or aluminum
alloys. For p-DCB: Strong oxidizers; although, incompatibilities for this chemical may also include other materials
listed for o-DCB.
廃棄物の処理
Incineration, preferably
after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be
exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent
the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary
to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with
environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on
acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing
this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA
regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and
waste disposal
二塩化ベンゼン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品