ヘロイン

ヘロイン 化学構造式
561-27-3
CAS番号.
561-27-3
化学名:
ヘロイン
别名:
ジアホルム;モルファセチン;7,8-ジデヒドロ-4,5α-エポキシ-17-メチルモルフィナン-3,6α-ジオールジアセタート;ジアモルフィン;ヘロイン;エクロリオン;ジアセチルモルフィン;アセトモルフィン;プレザ;3,6-ジアセチルモルフィン;ジアセチルモルヒネ;(1S,5R,13R,14S,17R)-10-(アセチルオキシ)-4-メチル-12-オキサ-4-アザペンタシクロ[9.6.1.01,13.05,17.07,18]オクタデカ-7,9,11(18),15-テトラエン-14-イル アセタート
英語名:
HEROIN
英語别名:
Diamorphine;BOY;DIACETYLMORPHINE;diacetylmorphone;dava;junk;Horse;rufus;smack;Heroine
CBNumber:
CB8243173
化学式:
C21H23NO5
分子量:
369.42
MOL File:
561-27-3.mol

ヘロイン 物理性質

融点 :
154-161°C
比旋光度 :
D25 -166° (c = 1.49 in methanol)
沸点 :
bp12 272-274°
比重(密度) :
1.5600
屈折率 :
1.5614 (estimate)
闪点 :
2℃
貯蔵温度 :
Controlled Substance, -20°C Freezer
溶解性:
H2O: <0.2 mg/mL
外見 :
A neat solid
酸解離定数(Pka):
pKa 7.83 (Uncertain)
EPAの化学物質情報:
Morphinan-3,6-diol, 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methyl-(5.alpha.,6.alpha.)-, 3,6-diacetate (561-27-3)
安全性情報
  • リスクと安全性に関する声明
  • 危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)
主な危険性  T+,Xn,F
Rフレーズ  26/27/28-36-20/21/22-11
Sフレーズ  22-36/37/39-45-36/37-26-16
RIDADR  UN 1544 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany  3
RTECS 番号 QC8050000
国連危険物分類  6.1(a)
容器等級  II
有毒物質データの 561-27-3(Hazardous Substances Data)
毒性 LD50 i.v. in mice: 59 mmol/kg (Umans, Inturrisi)
絵表示(GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
注意喚起語 危険
危険有害性情報
コード 危険有害性情報 危険有害性クラス 区分 注意喚起語 シンボル P コード
H225 引火性の高い液体および蒸気 引火性液体 2 危険 GHS hazard pictograms P210,P233, P240, P241, P242, P243,P280, P303+ P361+P353, P370+P378,P403+P235, P501
H319 強い眼刺激 眼に対する重篤な損傷性/眼刺激 性 2A 警告 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H331 吸入すると有毒 急性毒性、吸入 3 危険 GHS hazard pictograms P261, P271, P304+P340, P311, P321,P403+P233, P405, P501
注意書き
P210 熱/火花/裸火/高温のもののような着火源から遠ざ けること。-禁煙。
P261 粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。
P337+P313 眼の刺激が続く場合:医師の診断/手当てを受けること。
P403+P233 換気の良い場所で保管すること。容器を密閉 しておくこと。

ヘロイン 価格

メーカー 製品番号 製品説明 CAS番号 包装 価格 更新時間 購入

ヘロイン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

性質

diacetylmorphine.C21H23NO5(369.41).モルヒネのジアセチル誘導体.融点173 ℃,沸点272~274 ℃(5.6 kPa).[α]25D-166°(エタノール).クロロホルム,エタノールに可溶,エーテル,水に難溶.本来,その塩酸塩が商品名ヘロインであった.塩酸塩は白色の結晶.融点229~232 ℃.水,エタノールに易溶.鎮痛,呼吸抑制作用はモルヒネより強いが,依存性を起こしやすく,いわゆる麻薬中毒にかかりやすい.現在では臨床的にも用いられず,麻薬取締法により,製造,所持,使用が禁止されている.森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)

効能

鎮痛薬, オピオイド受容体作動薬

化学的特性

Light Brown Solid

使用

Heroin does not occur in opium. It is madefrom poppy extract. Acetylation of morphinewith acetic anhydride or acetyl chlorideproduces heroin. Heroin is not generally usedclinically. Its illicit use in the street has beenrampant.

定義

ChEBI: A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and ph sical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses.

生物学の機能

Heroin is the diacetyl derivative of morphine. It is not available in the United States for therapeutic use, although its use as a recreational drug is again on the rise. It is either injected or snorted (taken intranasally). It is most often cut, or diluted, with substances such as quinine, which contribute to the flash, or high. Injection of the drug leads to the eventual collapse of the vessels into which it is injected, leading to the appearance of track marks under the skin. Heroin passes rapidly into the brain and thus has a rapid onset of action. It is then metabolized to morphine. The rapid onset contributes to the abuse liability of the drug.Heroin use in pregnant women can lead to low-birth-weight babies, babies born addicted to heroin, immunosuppression, and an increased incidence of infections in both the mother and newborn; an increased incidence of AIDS also occurs.

一般的な説明

Heroin, was first commercially synthesized in 1898 byBayer company in Germany as an alternate analgesic tomorphine. Heroin is the 3,6 diacetylated form of morphine. The laboratory researchers, which also used theacetylation process to convert salicylic acid into acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), believed that heroin would be an effectiveanalgesic with no addictive properties. This was unfortunatelynot the case. They named the product “heroin”because it made the test subjects, including some of thechemists, feel “heroic.” With both OH groups protected asan ester, heroin can pass through the blood-brain barrierquicker than morphine and lead to the euphoric “rush” thatbecomes so addictive to addicts, especially after IV injection.Once heroin is in the brain, it is quickly metabolizedto 3-acetylmorphine, which has low to zero activity at theμ-receptor and 6-acetylmorphine, which is 2 to 3 timesmore potent at the μ-receptor than morphine.
Heroin is not available as a prescription product in theUnited States, although it is available in some countries totreat pain associated with cancer and myocardial infarctions.It remains one of the most widely used narcotics for illicitpurposes and places major economic burdens on society.

健康ハザード

Heroin is a strongly habit-forming drug. Itis more potent than its parent compound,morphine, and much more potent thanopium. The toxic effects are similar tothose of morphine. An overdose can causerespiratory failure. It is a depressant anda stimulant of the central nervous system,showing a wide range of effects, rangingfrom drowsiness to distorted perceptionsand hallucinations. Toxicological problemsfrom an overdose of heroin may also leadto coma and pinpoint pupil. The toxicityof heroin may be enhanced when it iscoadministered with cocaine. Administrationof a narcotic antagonist such as naloxone ornaltrexone may be performed for therapy.A subcutaneous lethal dose in rabbits maybe 180 mg/kg. Heroin may produce harmfulreproductive effects in animals and humans.It is a controlled substance (opiate) listedunder the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations(Title 21, Part 329.1, 1308.11, 1987).

薬理学

Diamorphine is available for parenteral and oral use. It is more lipid soluble than morphine, affecting distribution and tissue penetration. One advantage over morphine is in seings where high concentrations are required in relatively low volumes, such as palliative care. Furthermore, when lipid solubility is important in regulating site of action (e.g. epidural, intrathecal use), some practitioners believe that diamorphine has specific advantages over morphine.
Diamorphine is a prodrug. It is inactive at opioid receptors but is converted rapidly to the active metabolites 6-monoacetylmorphine (6 MAM), morphine and M-6-G. Presence of 6-MAM in urine or salvia can be used to differentiate between morphine and heroin (diamorphine) consumption. Further metabolism is similar to that of morphine; similar problems may arise in renal impairment.

ヘロイン 上流と下流の製品情報

原材料

準備製品


ヘロイン 生産企業

Global( 0)Suppliers
名前 電話番号 電子メール 国籍 製品カタログ 優位度

561-27-3(ヘロイン)キーワード:


  • 561-27-3
  • 3,6-Diacetoxy-4,5-epoxy-17-methyl-morphin-7-en
  • 3,6α-diacetoxy-4,5α-epoxy-17-methyl-morphin-7-ene
  • 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-dioldiacetate(ester)
  • 7,8-Dihydro-4,5-alpha-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-alpha-diol diacetate
  • 7,8-dihydro-4,5-alpha-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-alpha-dioldiacetate
  • Acetomorfin
  • Acetomorfine
  • Acetomorphin
  • Acetomorphine
  • amsterdammarble
  • Aspron
  • blacktar
  • China white
  • crap
  • Diacephin
  • Diacetylmorfin
  • Diacetylmorphin
  • Diacetylmorphine, HFB
  • Diamorfina
  • Diamorphin
  • diamorphone
  • Diaphorm
  • Diasetielmorfien
  • Diasetilmorfin
  • Diasetylmorfiimi
  • Diazetylmorphine
  • Dooje
  • dujie
  • Eclorion
  • Eroin
  • ジアホルム
  • モルファセチン
  • 7,8-ジデヒドロ-4,5α-エポキシ-17-メチルモルフィナン-3,6α-ジオールジアセタート
  • ジアモルフィン
  • ヘロイン
  • エクロリオン
  • ジアセチルモルフィン
  • アセトモルフィン
  • プレザ
  • 3,6-ジアセチルモルフィン
  • ジアセチルモルヒネ
  • (1S,5R,13R,14S,17R)-10-(アセチルオキシ)-4-メチル-12-オキサ-4-アザペンタシクロ[9.6.1.01,13.05,17.07,18]オクタデカ-7,9,11(18),15-テトラエン-14-イル アセタート
  • 麻薬性鎮痛薬
  • 向精神薬
  • 中枢興奮薬
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