マグネシウムオキシド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色〜わずかにうすい赤色, 粉末
定義
本品は、マグネシウムの酸化物であり、次の化学式で表される。
溶解性
酸、アンモニウム塩水溶液に溶ける。エタノールに不溶。水及びエタノールにほとんど溶けない。
解説
酸化マグネシウム，マグネシアともいう．金属マグネシウム，水酸化マグネシウム，炭酸水酸化マグネシウム(3MgCO3･Mg(OH)2･3H2O)を強熱して得られる．白色の粉末．融点2800 ℃，沸点3600 ℃．密度3.65 g cm－3．水にわずかに溶けて水酸化マグネシウムを生じる．エタノールに不溶．酸と反応してマグネシウム塩を生じる．空気中に放置すると水と二酸化炭素を吸収して炭酸水酸化マグネシウムとなる．耐火れんが，るつぼ，セメント，食品中和剤，脱二酸化炭素剤，医薬品，化粧品，吸着剤(脱臭，脱色)，触媒，半導体，耐熱セラミックス，肥料などに用いられる．
用途
合成ゴム配合
用途
汎用試薬、電子部品材料。
用途
医薬品原料(緩下剤、制酸剤)、電子部品材料等。
用途
合成樹脂充填剤、触媒、耐火煉瓦、耐火物。
用途
制酸作用を示します。
用途
ゴム薬品原料、電気製品規格スチール原料、プラスチック添加剤、医薬原料、鉄鋼製造用、耐火レンガ原料 (SRI:CHEMICAL ECONOMICS HANDBOOK)
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤、不透明化剤、吸着剤
効能
制酸薬, 緩下剤, 吸着剤
主な用途／役割
クロロプレン系接着剤に使用される。
商品名
酸化マグネシウム (ニプロ); 酸化マグネシウム (ニプロ); 酸化マグネシウム (丸石製薬); 酸化マグネシウム (小堺製薬); 酸化マグネシウム (小堺製薬); 酸化マグネシウム (小堺製薬); 酸化マグネシウム (山善製薬); 酸化マグネシウム (日本ジェネリック); 酸化マグネシウム (日興製薬); 重カマ (吉田製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (シオエ製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (マイラン製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (三恵薬品); 重質酸化マグネシウム (健栄製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (日医工); 重質酸化マグネシウム (日医工); 重質酸化マグネシウム (日興製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (日興製薬); 重質酸化マグネシウム (東洋製薬化成); 重質酸化マグネシウム (東海製薬)
使用上の注意
空気中で水分及び二酸化炭素を吸収する。
化学特性
白色結晶性固体。化学的には比較的不活性で、高温処理したものはとくにこの傾向が著しい。水にわずかにしか溶けないが、希酸には溶ける。空気中で水および炭酸ガスを吸収し、徐々に水酸化炭酸マグネシウムとなる。可視および近紫外光に対する反射能がきわめて大きく、光学機械の反射体、あるいは白色標準として用いられる。
説明
Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral, often found as a powder, which occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium . It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2? ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium oxide is only very slightly soluble in water but in aqueous media combines quickly with water to form magnesium hydroxide. The majority of magnesium oxide produced today is obtained from the calcination of naturally occurring minerals, magnesite, MgCO3, being the most common. Other important sources of magnesium oxide are seawater, underground deposits of brine and deep salt beds from which magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] is processed. In medicine, magnesium oxide can be used as an antacid to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion, as a laxative for short-term, rapid emptying of the bowel (before surgery, for example) and as a mineral supplement used to prevent and treat low amounts of magnesium in the blood. Besides, magnesium oxide also has many nonmedicinal uses. Caustic calcined magnesia is used in a wide range of industrial applications e.g. plastics, rubber, adhesives and acid neutralization. Magnesium oxide with lower chemical activity can be used for fertilizers and animal feed. Dead-burned magnesia and finally fused magnesia can be used for a variety of refractory and electrical applications e.g. furnace lining, crucibles and fireproofing boarding.
化学的特性
Magnesium oxide forms a finely divided
white particulate dispersed in air.
物理的性質
White ceramics, with a high
reflective index in the visible
and near-UV regions. Used as
linings in steel furnaces.
Crucible container for fluoride
melts. Very slowly soluble in
pure water but soluble in diluted
strong mineral acids. Exhibits
outstanding corrosion resistance
in liquid metals Mg, Li, and Na.
Readily attacked by molten
metals Be, Si, Ti, Zr, Nb, and Ta.
MgO reacts with water, CO
2 , and diluted acids. Maximum service
temperature 2400°C.
Transmittance of 80% and
n=1.75 in IR region 7 to 300 μm.
使用
Magnesium Oxide is a source of magnesium which functions as a
nutrient and dietary supplement. it exists as a bulky white powder
termed light magnesium oxide or as a dense white powder known as
heavy magnesium oxide. it is practically insoluble in water and is
insoluble in alcohol.
定義
Two forms are produced,
one a light, fluffy material prepared by a relatively
low-temperature dehydration of the hydroxide, the
other a dense material made by high-temperature
furnacing of the oxide after it has been formed from
the carbonate or hydroxide.
調製方法
Magnesium oxide occurs naturally as the mineral periclase. It can be
manufactured by many processes. Limestone containing the mineral
dolomite is calcinated at high temperatures to produce dolime,
which then reacts with magnesium chloride-rich sea water to
produce magnesium hydroxide and calcium chloride.The
magnesium hydroxide is then calcinated to produce magnesium
oxide and water. In another process, mined magnesite (MgCO
3) is
calcinated to produce magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide.
Purification methods include crushing and size separation, heavymedia heavymedia
separation, and froth flotation. Producing magnesium oxide
from sea water is a process that involves heating magnesium
chloride concentrated brine from the Dead Sea. The magnesium
chloride decomposes into magnesium oxide and hydrochloric
acid.Magnesium oxide may also be produced by the thermal
decomposition of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium
sulfite, nesquehonite, and the basic carbonate
5MgO·4CO
2·5H
2O. Purification of the magnesium oxide produced
through thermal degradation is carried out by filtration or
sedimentation.
製造方法
Magnesium
oxide is easily formed by burning magnesium
metal ribbon. Mg oxidizes and emits a bright white light,
rich in ultraviolet and hard to extinguish. Extreme care
must be taken if MgO is to be prepared by this method.
Magnesia is a white solid mineral that occurs naturally
as “Periclase” and is used as a source of magnesium
metal. Magnesium oxide is hygroscopic in nature and
care must be taken to protect it from moisture. It reacts
with water and forms the hydroxide:
MgO＋H2O→Mg(OH)2
However, this reaction can be reversed by heating it
to remove moisture.
製造方法
酸化マグネシウム，金属マグネシウムを空気中で熱すると得られるが、工業的には、炭酸マグネシウム（マグネサイト）、水酸化炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウムなどを煆焼(かしょう)して製造する。
一般的な説明
Finely divided white particulate dispersed in air. (Note: Exposure may occur when magnesium is burned, thermally cut, or welded upon.).
反応プロフィール
Phosphorus pentachloride and magnesium oxide react with brilliant incandescence [Mellor 8:1016. 1946-1947]. The oxide is incompatible with interhalogens such as bromine pentafluoride, etc.
危険性
Toxic by inhalation of fume. Upper respiratory tract irritant, and metal fume fever. Questionable carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Magnesium oxide fume is an
irritant of the eyes and nose.
农业用途
Magnesia is a term used for magnesium oxide (MgO).
Magnesite, caustic-calcium magnesite, dead-burned
magnesite and synthetic magnesite are also loosely used
as synonyms for magnesia. Magnesium oxide is used in agricultural applications for animal feed and fertilizer; in the United States, these applications represent about 20%–25% of the total annual caustic-calcined magnesia shipment. Magnesium serves as a structural part of the chlorophyll molecule, a compound necessary for plant photosynthesis. Without sufficient magnesium, either from the soil or from fertilizer application, plants can die. Grazing ruminants, such as cattle and sheep, require magnesium in their diet to guard ag ainst hypomagnesia, also known as grass tetany, a potentially fatal disease.
応用例（製薬）
Magnesium oxide is used as an alkaline diluent in solid-dosage
forms to modify the pH of tablets.It can be added to solid-dosage
forms to bind excess water and keep the granulation dry. In
combination with silica, magnesium oxide can be used as an auxiliary glidant. It is also used as a food additive and as an
antacid, either alone or in conjunction with aluminum hydroxide.
Magnesium oxide is additionally used as an osmotic laxative and a
magnesium supplement to treat deficiency states.
工業用途
Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a synthetic mineralproduced in electric arc furnaces or by sinteringof amorphous powder (periclase). Refractoryapplications consume a large quantity of MgO.Both brick and shapes are fabricated at leastpartially of sintered grain for use primarily inthe metal-processing industries. Heating unitinsulation is another major application for periclase.Principal advantages of periclase are itsthermal conductivity and electrical resistivity atelevated temperatures.
Specialty crucibles and shapes also are fabricatedfrom MgO. These are used in pyrometallurgicaland other purifying processes for specialtymetals. Both slip-casting and pressingtechniques are employed to manufactureshapes.
Thermocouple insulation comprises stillanother outlet for periclase. Since most of thesego into nuclear applications, a high-purity productis required. MgO is also an important glazeconstituent.
Single crystals of MgO have received attentionbecause of their use in ductile ceramic studies.Extreme purity is required in this area. Periclasewindows are also of potential interest ininfrared applications because of their transmissioncharacteristics.
安全性プロファイル
Inhalation of the fumes
can produce a febrile reaction and
leucocytosis in humans. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic
data. Violent reaction or ignition in contact
with interhalogens (e.g., bromine
pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride),
Incandescent reaction with phosphorus
pentachloride. See also MAGNESIUM
COMPOUNDS.
安全性
Magnesium oxide is widely used in oral formulations as an
excipient and as a therapeutic agent. Therapeutically, 250–500mg
is administered orally as an antacid and 2–5g as an osmotic
laxative. Magnesium oxide is generally regarded as a nontoxic
material when employed as an excipient, although adverse effects,
due to its laxative action, may occur if high doses are ingested orally.
職業ばく露
Used in oil refining, pulp and paper
mills; tire manufacturing; in the manufacture of refractory
crucibles; fire bricks; magnesia cements and boiler scale
compounds. Exposure may occur when magnesium is
burned, thermally cut, or welded upon.
貯蔵
Magnesium oxide is stable at normal temperatures and pressures.
However, it forms magnesium hydroxide in the presence of water.
Magnesium oxide is hygroscopic and rapidly absorbs water and
carbon dioxide on exposure to the air, the light form more readily
than the heavy form.
The bulk material should be stored in an airtight container in a
cool, dry place.
輸送方法
UN1418 Magnesium, powder or Magnesium
alloys, powder Hazard Class: 4.3; Labels: 4.3-Dangerous
when wet material, 4.2-Spontaneously combustible
materia
不和合性
Violent reaction with halogens/interhalogens, chlorine trifluoride, bromine pentalfluoride; strong
acids. Phosphorus pentachloride and magnesium oxide
react with brilliant incandescence (Mellor 8:1016.
19461947). May ignite and explode when heated with
sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe.
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral capsules,
tablets, and buccal). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in
the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients.
参考文献
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_oxide
2. https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/magnesium-oxide/7645.article
3. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/magnesium_oxide#section=Top
4. http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=54
5. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601074.html
6. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magnesium%20oxide
7. http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-3954/magnesium-oxide-oral/details
マグネシウムオキシド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
C.I.ベーシックレッド46
マグネシウムジニトラート
Artinite
7-HYDROXY-2-OXO-2H-CHROMENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER
6,13-ジクロロ-3,10-ビス(フェニルアミノ)トリフェノジオキサジン-2,9-ジスルホン酸二ナトリウム
MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE
フルオロケイ酸MG
carnallite
rubber products
硫酸マグネシウム 一水和物
L-アスコルビン酸2-りん酸セスキマグネシウム水和物
2,4-ジニトロベンゼンスルホン酸水和物
N-フェニル-N'-(1,2,3-チアジアゾール-5-イル)尿素
3-メチル-2-[(1-メチル-2-フェニル-1H-インドール-3-イル)アゾ]チアゾール-3-イウム·クロリド
Vicnna lime
8-メトキシ-2-オキソ-2H-クロメン-3-カルボキサミド
Glass fiber reinforced plastic cooling tower
naphtha steam reforming catalysts
7-HYDROXY-2-OXO-2H-CHROMENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID AMIDE
オキセンドロン
MAGNESIUM HEXAFLUOROACETYLACETONATE DIHYDRATE
L-カルニチンL-酒石酸
マグネシウムビス(二水素ホスファート)
ψ,ψ-カロテン
二ステアリン酸マグネシウム
ケイフッカマグネシウム
2-[3-[(1,3-ジヒドロ-1,3,3-トリメチル-2H-インドール)-2-イリデン]-1-プロペニル]-1,3,3-トリメチル-3H-インドリウム·クロリド
硝酸マグネシウム6水和物
Basic Yellow 24
7-HYDROXY-2-OXO-2H-CHROMENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER
二酸化マグネシウム
6-AMINO-CHROMEN-2-ONE
7-PROPOXY-CHROMEN-2-ONE
6-クロロ-2-オキソ-2H-クロメン-3-カルボン酸
Sulfur-magnesium fertilizer
アスパラギン酸Ｍｇ
りん酸マグネシウム,第二,三水和物
zinc oxide desulphurizer
ゲムフィブロジル
りん酸マグネシウム