| Product Identification | Back to Contents | 【Product Name】
Ammonia solution | 【Synonyms】
Ammonia, aqueous solution
Ammonium hydrate
Ammonium hydroxide
Aqua ammonia
Azanium hydroxide | 【CAS】
1336-21-6 | 【Formula】
H5NO | 【Molecular Weight】
35.04 | 【EINECS】
215-647-6 | 【RTECS】
BQ9625000 | 【RTECS Class】
Mutagen; Human Data; Primary Irritant | 【Merck】
13,494 | 【Beilstein/Gmelin】
7477 (G) | 【EC Index Number】
007-001-00-5 | 【EC Class】
Corrosive; Dangerous for the Environment |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Back to Contents | 【Appearance】
Colorless to milky colored liquid, strong pungent odor of ammonia gas. | 【Solubility in water】
Miscible | 【Solubility in water】
Very soluble | 【Melting Point】
-57.5 | 【Boiling Point】
36 | 【Vapor Pressure】
2160 (25 C) | 【Vapor Pressure】
Varies | 【Density】
0.89 g/cm3 | 【pKa/pKb】
4.74 (pKb) | 【Usage】
Textiles, manufacture of rayon, rubber, condensation polymerization, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, photography (development of latent images), ammonia soaps, lubricants, fireproofing wood, ink mfr, ammonium compound, saponifying fats & oils, organic synth, detergent, household cleanser, food additive. | 【Vapor Density】
<1 | 【Saturation Concentration】
148000 ppm (14.8%) (10% solution) at 20 C; 291500 ppm (29%) (19.1%) at 21.1 C; 732500 ppm (73.3%) (28.8%) at 21.1 C (calculated) | 【Odor threshold】
34 ppm |
| First Aid Measures | Back to Contents | 【Ingestion】
Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. | 【Ingestion】
Harmful if swallowed. May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive tract. Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Causes throat constriction, vomiting, convulsions, and shock. | 【Inhalation】
Effects may be delayed. Causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. | 【Inhalation】
Effects may be delayed. Causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. Brief exposure to 5000 ppm can be fatal. | 【Inhalation】
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask. | 【Skin】
Get medical aid immediately. Discard contaminated clothing in a manner which limits further exposure. Rinse area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. | 【Skin】
Causes severe skin irritation. Causes skin burns. May cause deep, penetrating ulcers of the skin. Contact with the skin may cause staining, inflammation, and thickening of the skin. | 【Eyes】
Contact with liquid or vapor causes severe burns and possible irreversible eye damage. | 【Eyes】
Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed. Extensive irrigation is required (at least 30 minutes). |
| Handling and Storage | Back to Contents | 【Storage】
Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Corrosives area. | 【Handling】
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Do not ingest or inhale. Discard contaminated shoes. |
| Hazards Identification | Back to Contents | 【Inhalation】
Effects may be delayed. Causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. | 【Skin】
Causes severe skin irritation. Causes skin burns. May cause deep, penetrating ulcers of the skin. Contact with the skin may cause staining, inflammation, and thickening of the skin. | 【Eyes】
Contact with liquid or vapor causes severe burns and possible irreversible eye damage. | 【Ingestion】
Harmful if swallowed. May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive tract. Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Causes throat constriction, vomiting, convulsions, and shock. | 【Hazards】
Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. | 【EC Risk Phrase】
R 34 50 | 【EC Safety Phrase】
S 26 36/37/39 45 61 | 【UN (DOT)】
2073 | 【UN (DOT)】
2672 | 【UN (DOT)】
3318 |
| Exposure Controls/Personal Protection | Back to Contents | 【Personal Protection】
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. | 【Respirators】
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. | 【Exposure Effects】
Chronic ingestion may cause effects similar to those of acute ingestion. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause corneal damage and the development of cataracts and glaucoma. | 【Poison Class】
4 |
| Fire Fighting Measures | Back to Contents | 【Autoignition】
650 | 【Fire Fighting】
Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide or chemical foam. Do NOT get water inside containers. For large fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, or water spray. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. | 【Upper exp. limit】
33.6 | 【Lower exp. limit】
15.4 | 【Fire Potential】
Slightly flammable. NH3 fumes are flammable. |
| Accidental Release Measures | Back to Contents | 【Small spills/leaks】
Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Neutralize spill with a weak acid such as vinegar or acetic acid. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Provide ventilation. |
| Stability and Reactivity | Back to Contents | 【Incompatibilities】
Acrolein, acrylic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, dimethyl sulfate, fluorine, gold + aqua regia, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, iodine, nitric acid, oleum, propiolactone, propylene oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver oxide + ethyl alcohol, nitromethane, silver permanganate, sulfuric acid, halogens. Forms explosive compounds with many heavy metals and halide salts. | 【Stability】
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. | 【Decomposition】
Nitric oxide (NOx) and ammonia (NH3) fumes. | 【Combustion Products】
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. |
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