4-Amino-2-chloropyridine: properties, applications and safety

General Description

4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is a versatile compound with a white to light yellow crystalline powder appearance. It has diverse properties, including a high boiling point and solubility in organic solvents. This compound is widely used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and dye synthesis. It plays a crucial role in the production of drugs, pesticides, herbicides, and growth regulators. Additionally, it serves as a precursor for colored pigments, dyes, and photochromic materials. However, caution must be exercised when handling 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine due to its potential harmful effects on ingestion, skin contact, and inhalation. Proper safety measures, such as wearing protective equipment, should be followed to ensure personal safety.

Figure 1. 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine

Properties

4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is an organic compound with the molecular formula C5H5ClN2. It is a derivative of pyridine, characterized by the presence of an amino group (-NH2) and a chlorine atom (-Cl) attached to the pyridine ring. This compound exhibits several notable properties.Firstly, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is a white to light yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of 90-94°C. The properties of 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine are diverse, making it useful for a variety of applications. It has a high boiling point of 153°C, indicating its stability under high temperatures. Secondly, this compound is sparingly soluble in water, but it dissolves readily in many organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone. This property makes it suitable for various organic reactions and synthesis. Additionally, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is an important building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. Its presence in these compounds imparts desired chemical and biological activities. Furthermore, the presence of both amino and chloro groups in the molecule renders it reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions, making it a valuable intermediate in organic synthesis. Overall, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine's properties, including its solid nature, solubility characteristics, and reactivity, make it a versatile compound with importance in various chemical applications and synthetic processes. ¹

Applications

4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is a versatile chemical compound that finds its applications across various industries. It is used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. In the pharmaceutical industry, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is used in the synthesis of pyridine-based drugs such as antihistamines, anti-inflammatory agents, and sedatives. It is also a key intermediate in the production of anti-tumor and anti-viral drugs. In the agrochemical industry, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is an important building block in the synthesis of pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides. It is also used in the production of growth regulators for plants. In the dye industry, it is used as a precursor for the synthesis of various colored pigments and dyes. It is also used in the synthesis of photochromic materials that change color when exposed to light. Furthermore, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine is a useful reagent in organic synthesis and can be used to create various functionalized pyridine derivatives. Overall, the versatility of 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine makes it an essential chemical in various industries and its importance in synthesis and production cannot be understated. ²

Safety

4-Amino-2-chloropyridine poses certain safety hazards and precautions should be taken when handling this chemical compound. It is important to note that inhaling, swallowing, or coming into contact with 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine can lead to harmful effects. When swallowed, it is considered harmful and can cause adverse health effects. Similarly, direct skin contact with this compound can be harmful and may result in irritation. It is advisable to avoid any contact with the compound and to wear appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and goggles when handling it. In addition, 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine can cause serious eye irritation. If it comes into contact with the eyes, immediate rinsing with water for several minutes is recommended, and medical attention should be sought if irritation persists. Furthermore, inhalation of 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine can be harmful and may cause respiratory irritation. It is important to handle this compound in a well-ventilated area or use appropriate respiratory protection to minimize the risk of inhalation. As with any chemical substance, proper safety measures should be followed when handling 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine to ensure personal safety. ³

Reference

1. PubChem. COMPOUND SUMMARY: 4-Amino-2-chloropyridine. National Library of Medicine, 2005, PubChem CID: 84432.

2. Lavanya M, Lin C, Mao J, Thirumalai D, Aabaka SR, Yang X, Mao J, Huang Z, Zhao J. Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Functionalized 1,6-Naphthyridines. Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2021 Feb 24;379(2):13.

3. Summary of Classification and Labelling: 2-chloropyridin-4-amine. European Chemicals Agency, EC / List no. 238-403-0.