Imidocarb dipropionate: uses;drug delivery;side effects;drug interactions

Uses of Imidocarb dipropionate

Imidocarb dipropionate is a carbenamide derivative with antiprotozoal activity for veterinary use only. It is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of liverworm infections and is also used to treat Trypanosoma brucei and Babesia ovis. For example, it is used to treat babesiosis infections in dogs. Babesiosis is caused by the protozoan Babesia, which is transmitted to pets through tick bites.

Imidocarb dipropionate is used to treat ehrlichiosis or heparinosis in dogs, cysticercosis, babesiosis, or haemoplasma in cats, and porcine forms of disease in horses. When imidocarb dipropionate is used to treat these diseases, it is referred to as an "off-label" use.

Drug delivery

Imidocarb dipropionate is administered by intramuscular injection twice, 2 weeks apart.

Side effects

Imidocarb dipropionate is usually well tolerated, although it causes transient pain at the injection site. It appears to be eliminated in the urine and faeces. Its anticholinergic activity can cause acute adverse reactions, including vomiting, chills, hypersalivation, tearing, diarrhoea, agitation, drowsiness, fever and periorbital swelling. These symptoms usually subside within a few hours.

Dogs: The most common side effects in dogs include pain during the injection, salivation or drooling, nasal drip, and brief episodes of vomiting. Less commonly reported side effects include panting, diarrhea, swelling at the injection site, and restlessness. Rarely, a wound can form at the injection site.

Cats: The most common side effects in cats include salivation or drooling, tearing, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle tremors, restlessness, rapid heart rate, and difficulty breathing.

Drug interactions

Imidocarb dipropionate should not be used in pets that have been exposed to cholinesterase inhibiting drugs, pesticides or chemicals.

References:

[1] A S ABDULLAH. Adverse effects of imidocarb dipropionate (Imizol) in a dog.[J]. Veterinary Research Communications, 1984, 8 1: 55-59. DOI:10.1007/BF02214695.