Methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Protocatechuic acid methyl ester; Methyl protocatechuate) alleviates the toxic effects of F - via modulating its bioavailability, intracellular calcium level, mitochondrial membrane integrity and redox signaling in A549 cells.
Methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Protocatechuic acid methyl ester; Methyl protocatechuate) (25 or 50 mg/kg bw/day) prevents the cellular F - accumulation and oxidative stress. Methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate prevents the inflammatory and associated fibrosis progression by restoring the expression of RAGE and Nrf2.