COX-2
β-elemonic acid (1, 3, 10, 20 µM; 24 hours) strongly induces human A549 lung cancer cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. β-elemonic acid (1, 3, 10, 20 µM; 24 hours) exerts potent cytotoxic effects on human NSCLC A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC 50 value following a 24-h exposure to β-elemonic acid was 6.92 µM. β-elemonic acid (20 µM; 24 hours) results in a cell percentage of 58.01% in the G0/G1 phase. β-elemonic acid (1, 3, 10, 20 µM; 24 hours) inhibits phosphorylation of p42/44, MAPK/JNK and p38 in the A549 cells.