S,S,S-Tributyltrithiophosphat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R24/25:Giftig bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Beschreibung
DEF is a cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus pesticide
compound used as a cotton defoliant that was registered
in 1960.DEF is a colorless to pale-yellow transparent liquid
with a skunk-like odor.It is completely miscible with
n-hexane, dichloromethane, toluene, and 2-propanol and has
an octanol–water partition coefficient of 3.31×10
5 at 25°C.
DEF toxicity is primarily attributed to inhibition of various
esterases, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase
(BuChE), neuropathic target esterase (NTE),
and carboxylesterase, resulting in increased accumulation of
endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) in cholinergic nerve terminals
and related effector organs.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Tribufos is a colorless to yellow liquid. Tribufos is relatively
stable to acids and heat and is hydrolyzed slowly under
alkaline conditions. Tribufos has a mercaptan or skunk-like odor. Tribufos has a mercaptan or skunk-like odor.
Practically insoluble in water (2.3×10
-4 g/
100 mL); completely miscible in
dichloromethane, n-hexane, 2-propanol,
toluene.
Verwenden
1,2,4-Tributylphosphorotrithioate is a defoliant for cotton.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Colorless to pale yellow liquid with mercaptan-like odor. Insoluble in water; soluble in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons.. Used as a growth regulator.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water. Hydrolyzed slowly by alkaline conditions.
Reaktivität anzeigen
An organophosphate derivative. Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
Hazard
Cholinesterase inhibitor.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Herbicide, Defoliant, Plant growth regulator: Tribufos is an organophosphate defoliant used for
cotton crops. It is specifically used to defoliate cotton in
preparation for machine harvesting. It was first registered
in the United States in 1961. Not approved for use in EU
countries
. Registered for use in the U.S.
Handelsname
B-1776®; BUTIFOS®; BUTIPHOS®[C];
CHEMAGRO® 1776; CHEMAGRO® B-1776; DE-
GREEN®; DEF®; DEF DEFOLIANT®; DELEAFDEFOLIANT®; EASY OFF®-D; E-Z-OFF® D; FOLEX®
6EC FOS-FALL® A; ORTHO® phosphate defoliant
Sicherheitsprofil
A poison by ingestion,
skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes.
Experimental reproductive effects. Animal
experiments show an anti-cholinesterase
effect. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of PO, and SO,. See also
PARATHION, PHOSPHATES, ESTERS,
and SULFATES.
Carcinogenicity
No carcinogenic effects occurred when rats were given diets with 0, 4, 40, or 320 ppm
tribufos (equivalent to 0.0, 0.2, 1.8, and 16.8 mg/kg/day in
males and 0.0, 0.2, 2.3, and 21.1 mg/kg/day in females,
respectively) for 2 years .
In a carcinogenicity study, mice were fed diets containing
tribufos at doses of 0, 10, 50, or 250 ppm (equivalent to 0.0,
1.64, 8.28, or 48.02 mg/kg/day in males and 0.0, 2.08, 11.14,
or 63.4 mg/kg/day in females) for 90 weeks . Carcinogenic
effects were evident at 250 ppm (48.02 mg/kg/day in
males and 63.4 mg/kg/day in females). Males exhibited a statistically significant increase in hemangiosarcomas and
adenocarcinomas of the small intestines and females exhibited
a statistically significant increase in alveolar/bronchiolar
adenomas.
Environmental Fate
Soil. Hydrolyzes in soil to ethyl mercaptan, carbon dioxide and diisobutylamine (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). Butylate is probably subject to degradation of soil microorganisms.
It was reported that butylate may degrade via hydrolysis of the ester linkage forming the
corresponding mercaptan (ethyl mercaptan), alkylamine (diisobutylamine) and carbon
dioxide. Transthiolation and oxidation of the mercaptan forms the alcohol which may
further oxidize to afford a metabolic pool (Kaufman, 1967). Somasundaram and Coats
(1991) reported butylate in soils is oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxide. The reported
half-life in soil is approximately 1.5–10 weeks (Worthing and Hance, 1991). The reported
half-life of butylate in a loam soil at 21–27°C was 3 weeks (Humburg et al., 1989). Residual
activity in soil is limited to approximately 4 months (Hartley and Kidd, 1987).
Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986) butylate has a high potential to leach
to groundwater.
Plant. In plants, butylate is metabolized to carbon dioxide, diisobutylamine, fatty acids,
conjugates of amines and other compounds (Hartley and Kidd, 1987; Humburg et al.,
1989).
S,S,S-Tributyltrithiophosphat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
