Cyanguanidin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSES KRISTALLINES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Gase mit Ammoniak (s. ICSC 0414). Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln wie Ammoniumnitrat unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Reagiert mit Säuren unter Bildung giftiger Gase mit Cyanwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0492).
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. An sicheren Ort bringen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R25:Giftig beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S3:Kühl aufbewahren.
Chemische Eigenschaften
white powder
Verwenden
Dicyandiamide is a guanidine derivative used in the synthesis of barbiturates,it is also used in the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).
Application
Dicyanodiammonia, abbreviated as dicy or DCD. It is an organic substance with the chemical formula of c2h4n4. It is a dimer of cyanamide and a cyano derivative of guanidine. Chemical formula c2h4n4. White crystalline powder. Soluble in water, alcohol, ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide, almost insoluble in ether and benzene. Stable when dry. It is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group. It is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs. It has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor. It is a member of guanidines and a nitrile. The application of nitrification inhibitors has been used as a strategy to promote N utilization efficacy and reduce N2O emissions in paddy Dicyandiamide (DCD) as a widely used nitrification inhibitor inhibits the activity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria which results in longer ammonium retention and reduces the production of NO2?in soils. DCD efficacy was found to be related to DCD concentration, temperature, moisture, pH, and organic matter content. Studies have shown that leaching DCD from agricultural soils into aquatic ecosystems can strongly change the community composition of benthic stream bacteria and algae and influence stream nutrient cycling stoichiometry. Literature on the mechanisms and benefits of nitrification inhibitors is extensive but there are very few studies focused on the influence of DCD application on other microbes in paddy system.
Vorbereitung Methode
Dicyanodiamide is manufactured by dimerization of cyanamide
in aqueous solution. The 25% cyanamide solution
produced is adjusted to pH 8–9 and held at approximately
80C for 2 h to give complete conversion. The hot liquor is
filtered and transferred to a vacuum crystallizer, where it is
cooled. The crystals or dicyanodiamide are separated in
continuous centrifuges and passed to rotary driers. In
1990, the total worldwide production of dicyanodiamide
was about 30,000 tons.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Dicyandiamide is commonly used for the curing of epoxy resins. It is a nitrification inhibitor that is said to be capable of reducing nitrate (NO
3-) leaching and nitrous oxide (N
2O) emissions from grazed pasture soils.
läuterung methode
Recrystallise cyanoguanidine from water or EtOH. [Beilstein 3 IV 160.]
Cyanguanidin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
Finishing agent FS
Guanidine sulfamate
6-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2,4-diamin
resin tanning agent RS
1-Amidino-2-thioharnstoff
Phenforminhydrochlorid
Methyl-2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoat
Dye-fixing agent M
Dicyanide diamino formaldehyde,condensation compound
Dye-fixing agent G
Moroxydin
Tribenuron methyl
4-Methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amin
synthetic tanning agent MR-102
Metforminhydrochlorid
Melamin
Phenformin
2-Chlor-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzolsulfonamid
Irsogladine
4-Methoxy-N,6-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine
1,3,5-Triazine, 2-phenyl- (9CI)
Guanidiniumnitrat
METSULFURON METHYL
color fixing agent Y
