Arsen

Arsenic Struktur
7440-38-2
CAS-Nr.
7440-38-2
Bezeichnung:
Arsen
Englisch Name:
Arsenic
Synonyma:
arsane;Arsenicals;Arsenic (As);ARSENIC METAL;ARSENIC STANDARD SOLUTION;Arsen;ARSENIC;Arsenic1;Arsenium;Arsenic-75
CBNumber:
CB2761163
Summenformel:
AsH3
Molgewicht:
77.95
MOL-Datei:
7440-38-2.mol

Arsen Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
817 °C(lit.)
Siedepunkt:
613 °C(lit.)
Dichte
5.727 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdruck
1Pa at 280℃
Löslichkeit
insoluble in H2O
Aggregatzustand
powder
Farbe
Silver to black
Wichte
5.727
Geruch (Odor)
Odourless
Widerstand (resistivity)
33.3 μΩ-cm
Wasserlöslichkeit
insoluble
Sensitive 
Air Sensitive
Merck 
13,802
Expositionsgrenzwerte
TLV-TWA 0.2 mg(As)/m3 (ACGIH), 0.5 mg (As)/m3 (MSHA), 0.01 mg(As)m3 (OSHA); ceiling 0.002 mg(As)/m3/15 min (NIOSH); carcinogenicity: Human Sufficient Evidence (IARC).
Stabilität:
Stable. Incompatible with acids, oxidizing agents, halogens. Heat and air-sensitive.
CAS Datenbank
7440-38-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC
1 (Vol. 23, Sup 7, 100C) 2012
NIST chemische Informationen
Arsenic(7440-38-2)
EPA chemische Informationen
Arsenic (7440-38-2)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gefährlicher T,N
R-Sätze: 23/25-50/53-36/38-22-45-52/53-51/53
S-Sätze: 20/21-28-45-60-61-26-53
RIDADR  UN 1558 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany  3
RTECS-Nr. CG0525000
10
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  6.1
PackingGroup  II
HS Code  28048000
Giftige Stoffe Daten 7440-38-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität Human exposure occurs occupationally and via food, tobacco smoke, ambient air, and water. Three major groups of arsenic compounds have been defined on the basis of biological considerations: inorganic arsenicals; organic arsenicals; and arsine (gas). The comparative toxicity of these groups is dependent upon the route of exposure and their solubilities; the more quickly absorbed compounds have lower LD50. Arsenic is readily absorbed by the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and is concentrated in the skin, hair, and nails (Aldrich-Mees’ lines). The cellular toxicity of arsenic is related to reactions with SH-containing mitochondrial enzymes that result in impaired respiration. Arsenic may also compete with phosphate during oxidative phosphorylation.
IDLA 5 mg As/m3
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H315 Verursacht Hautreizungen. Hautreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung P264, P280, P302+P352, P321,P332+P313, P362
H318 Verursacht schwere Augenschäden. Schwere Augenschädigung Kategorie 1 Achtung P280, P305+P351+P338, P310
H350 Kann Krebs verursachen. Karzinogenität Kategorie 1A Achtung
H410 Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen mit langfristiger Wirkung. Langfristig (chronisch) gewässergefährdend Kategorie 1 Warnung P273, P391, P501
Sicherheit
P273 Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.
P280 Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.
P301+P310 BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Sofort GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.
P302+P352 BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT: Mit viel Wasser/... (Hersteller kann, falls zweckmäßig, ein Reinigungsmittel angeben oder, wenn Wasser eindeutig ungeeignet ist, ein alternatives Mittel empfehlen) waschen.
P305+P351+P338 BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Arsen Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

GERUCHLOSE, SPRöDE, GRAUE, METALLISCH-GLäNZENDE KRISTALLE.

CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

Beim Erhitzen bilden sich giftige Rauche. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmittelnund Halogenen unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Reagiert mit Säuren unter Bildung vongiftigem Arsingas (s. ICSC-Nr. 0222).

ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

TLV: 0,01 mg/m?(als TWA) Krebskategorie A1(bestätigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 1; Keimzellmutagen Kategorie 3A; (DFG 2005).

AUFNAHMEWEGE

Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.

INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.

LECKAGE

Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R23/25:Giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R45:Kann Krebs erzeugen.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S20/21:Bei der Arbeit nicht essen, trinken,rauchen.
S28:Bei Berührung mit der Haut sofort abwaschen mit viel . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.

Beschreibung

Arsenic is a metalloid of the nitrogen group. Two allotrope forms of elemental arsenic have been reported: yellow arsenic and grey arsenic, the latter being usually the more stable form. Arsenic readily oxidises in air to arsenic trioxide (As2O3). Arsenic is mostly found either in its native state or as arsenic sulfide in the form of realgar (As4S4) or orpiment (As2S3). Arsenic can exist in three different valence states (zerovalent, trivalent and pentavalent). Arsenic forms covalent bonds with carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. The toxicity varies widely and depends on the physical state of the compound and its absorption/elimination rate. Trivalent arsenics (As(III)) are derivatives of the arsenous acid (H2AsO3-arsenite) and arsenic trioxide (AsO3). Examples of pentavalent arsenic (As(V)) include derivatives of the arsenic acid (H3AsO4 -arsenate). Organic arsenic-based compounds, that is, compounds containing arsenic-carbon bonds, are usually less toxic than their inorganic counterparts. This is mainly due to their quicker excretion from the human body. Arsenic is known to be one of the most toxic heavy metals. Compounds containing arsenic have a long history of use as poisons, but they also have a long historical medicinal use.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Arsenic (As) is the third element in Group VA of the periodic table. Elemental arsenic can be found in two solid forms: yellow and gray or metallic, with specific gravities of 1.97 and 5.73, respectively (CRC, 1999). Gray arsenic is the ordinary stable form. Arsenic compounds can be categorized as inorganic and organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain an arsenic–carbon bond while organic compounds do.
Arsenic

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Arsenic is classed as a semimetal, meaning that it is neither a metal like aluminum or lead,nor quite a nonmetal such as oxygen, sulfur, or chlorine. Arsenic’s main allotrope is a silverygray,brittle, metal-like substance. Its other two isotopes are unstable crystalline substances.
Gray arsenic exhibits an unusual property in that its boiling point (614°C) is lower than itsmelting point (817°C). As its temperature changes, it sublimates, which means it goes fromthe solid state, skipping the liquid state, into a vapor state. Cooling the vapor of sublimation,the black allotrope condenses out and in turn changes from the black to the gray allotrope. Ifyellow arsenic is rapidly cooled from its sublimation point, yellow arsenic will condense outand will not revert back to gray arsenic upon cooling.
The following information is for the gray semimetal form of arsenic only. Its melting pointis 817°C, its sublimation point varies between 613°C and 814°C depending on the atmosphericpressure, and its density is 5.776 g/cm3.

Isotopes

There are a total of 35 isotopes of arsenic, ranging from As-60 to As-92, withhalf-lives spanning from a few nanoseconds to 80 days. Although some references claimthere are no stable isotopes of arsenic, arsenic-75 is classed as a stable isotope thatmakes up 100% of arsenic found in the Earth’s crust.

Origin of Name

Derived either from the Latin word arsenicum or the Greek word arsenikon, both meaning a yellow pigment. It is possible that the Arabic word azzernikh was also an ancient name for arsenic.

Occurrence

Arsenic is the 53rd most abundant element and is widely distributed in the Earth’s crust.It occurs naturally in several minerals, but high-grade deposits are rare. Most of the mineralsand ores that contain arsenic also contain other metals. Some major sources of arsenic are theminerals orpiment, scherbenkobalt, arsenopyrite, niccolite, realgar, gersdorffite, and smaltite.In addition, most sulfide ores of other metals also contain some arsenic. The three major mineralsthat produce arsenic are: realgar (arsenic monosulfide, AsS), orpiment (arsenic trisulfide,As2S2), and arsenopyrite (iron arsenosulfide, FeAsS).
Today, most arsenic is recovered as a by-product from the smelting of nickel, copper, iron,and tin. It is also recovered from the flue dust of copper- and lead-smelting furnaces.

Charakteristisch

Arsenic in the elemental form is a brittle, grayish crystal that becomes darker when exposedto air. It is seldom found in the pure elemental form but rather in minerals (compounds). Ithas a long history of use as a poison, and many alchemists were poisoned when using it intheir attempts to produce gold from base metals.
Arsenic has limited commercial use.

Verwenden

Arsenic is a brittle solid with a metallic coloring that ranges from silver to gray. It is a naturally occurring element found in the earth’s crust, and it cycles rapidly through water, land, air, and living systems. Exposure to it occurs through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact.
The arsenic metalloid is used for hardening copper and lead alloys (HSDB, 2005). It is also used in glass manufacturing as a decolorizing and refining agent, as a component of electrical devices in the semiconductor industry, and as a catalyst in the production of ethylene oxide. Arsenic compounds are used as a mordant in the textile industry, for preserving hides, as medicinals, pesticides, pigments, and wood preservatives. The production of chromate copper arsenate (CCA), a wood preservative, accounts for approximately 90% of the domestic arsenic consumption (ATSDR, 2007). However, production of this preservative is being phased out. The uses of inorganic arsenical compounds (e.g., lead arsenate) as pesticides were voluntarily cancelled by the industry during late 1980s and early 1990s. A majority of organoarsenicals are used on cotton and turf as herbicides. disodium methanearsenate (DSMA), monosodium methanearsenate (MSMA), and calcium methanearsenate (CAMA) continue to be used as contact herbicides.

Definition

A toxic metalloid element existing in several allotropic forms; the most stable is a brittle gray metal. It belongs to group 15 (formerly VA) of the periodic table. Arsenic is found native and in several ores including mispickel (FeSAs), realgar (As4S3), and orpiment (As2S3). The element reacts with hot acids and molten sodium hydroxide but is unaffected by water and acids and alkalis at normal temperatures. It is used in semiconductor devices, alloys, and gun shot. Various compounds are used in medicines and agricultural insecticides and poisons.
Symbol: As; m.p. 817°C (gray) at 3 MPa pressure; sublimes at 616°C (gray); r.d. 5.78 (gray at 20°C); p.n. 33; r.a.m. 74.92159.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A grayish metallic solid that turns black upon exposure to air. Insoluble in water. Toxic by ingestion.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Turns black on exposure to air. Insoluble in water.

Reaktivität anzeigen

Arsenic reacts incandescently with bromine trifluoride, even at 10°C [Mellor 2:113 1946-47]. Causes bromoazide to explode upon contact. Ignites if ground up together with solid potassium permanganate [Mellor 12:322 1946-47]. Is oxidized by sodium peroxide with incandescence [Mellor 2:490-93 1946-47]. A combination of finely divided Arsenic with finely divided bromates (also chlorates and iodates) of barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or zinc can explode by heat, percussion, and friction [Mellor 2:310 1946-47]. Bromine pentafluoride reacts readily in the cold with Arsenic. Ignition usually occurs. Reacts vigorously with fluorine at ordinary temperatures [Mellor 9:34 1946-47].

Hazard

Most of the compounds of arsenic are toxic when in contact with the skin, when inhaled,or when ingested. As with arsenic’s cousin phosphorus above it in group 15 of the periodictable, care must be taken when using arsenic. The compound arsenic trioxide (As2O3), anexcellent weed-killer, is also carcinogenic. Copper acetoarsenite, known as Paris green, is usedto spray cotton for boll weevils. A poisonous dose of arsenic as small as 60 milligrams can bedetected within the body by using the Marsh test.

Industrielle Verwendung

Arsenic (symbol As) is a soft, brittle, poisonouselement of steel-gray color and metallic luster.In atomic structure it is a semimetal, lackingplasticity, and is used only in alloys and incompounds. The bulk of the arsenic used isemployed in insecticides, rat poisons, and weedkillers, but it has many industrial uses, especiallyin pigments. It is also used in poisongases for chemical warfare.Metallic arsenic is stable in dry air. Whenexposed to humid or moistened air, the surfacefirst becomes coated with a superficial goldenbronze tarnish, which on further exposure turnsblack. On heating in air arsenic will vaporizeand burn to As2O3.

Sicherheitsprofil

Confirmed human carcinogen producing liver tumors. Poison by subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic skin and gastrointestinal effects by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Flammable in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame or by chemical reaction with powerful oxidizers such as bromates, chlorates, iodates, peroxides, lithium, NC4, m 0 3 , Khfn04, Rb2C2, AgN04, NOCl, IF5, CrO3, CIF3, Cl0, BrF3, BrFj, BrN3, RbGBCH, CsC3BCH. Slightly explosive in the form of dust when exposed to flame. When heated or on contact with acid or acid fumes, it emits highly toxic fumes; can react vigorously on contact with oxidizing materials. Incompatible with bromine azide, dirubidium acetylide, halogens, palladium, zinc, platinum, NCh, AgNO3, CrO3, Na2O2, hexafluoroisopropylideneamino lithum.

mögliche Exposition

Arsenic compounds have a variety of uses. Arsenic and its compounds are used as an alloy additive, in electronic devices; in veterinary medicines; in agriculture as insecticides, herbicides, larvicides, and pesticides. Some arsenic compounds are used in pigment production; the manufacture of glass as a bronzing or decolorizing agent; the manufacture of opal glass and enamels, textile printing; tanning, taxidermy, antifouling paints; to control sludge formation in lubricating oils. Metallic arsenic is used as an alloying agent for heavy metals; and in solders, medicines, herbicides. EPA has estimated that more than 6 million people living within 12 mi of major sources of copper, zinc, and lead smelters-may be exposed to 10 times the average United States atmospheric levels of arsenic. The agency says that 40,000 people living near some copper smelters may be exposed to 100 times the national atmospheric average.

Carcinogenicity

Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds are known to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.

Environmental Fate

Trivalent arsenic exerts its toxic effects mainly by disrupting ATP production by inhibiting lipoic acid, which is a cofactor for pyruvate as well by replacing phosphate which uncouples oxidation phosphorylation. This inhibits the electron transport chain in the mitochondria and the ultimate synthesis of ATP. Hydrogen peroxide production is also increased, which, it is speculated, has potential to form reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. These metabolic interferences lead to death from multisystem cell death and organ failure. The activity of enzymes is due to the functional groups on amino acids such as the sulfhydryl group on cysteine or coenzymes such as lipoic acid, which has vicinal thiol groups. Trivalent inorganic arsenicals readily react with sulfhydryl groups such as cysteine creating a strong complex between arsenic and vicinal sulfhydryl reagents. These actions inhibit not only the formation of Acetyl-CoA but also the enzymes succinic dehydrogenase and pyruvate. Arsenite inhibits the binding of steroids to the glucocorticoid receptor, but not other steroid receptors. The probable mechanism of toxicity of pentavalent inorganic arsenate is its reduction to a trivalent form, arsenite, which is more toxic than the arsenate. Thus, a variety of mechanisms lead arsenic to impair cell respiration and subsequently diminish ATP formation.

Versand/Shipping

UN1558 Arsenic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Inkompatibilitäten

Incompatible with strong acids; strong oxidizers; peroxides, bromine azide, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride; cesium acetylene carbide, chromium trioxide; nitrogen trichloride, silver nitrate. Can react vigorously with strong oxidizers (chlorine, dichromate, permanganate). Forms highly toxic fumes on contact with acids or active metals (iron, aluminum, zinc). Hydrogen gas can react with inorganic arsenic to form highly toxic arsine gas.

Waste disposal

Elemental arsenic wastes should be placed in long-term storage or returned to suppliers or manufacturers for reprocessing. Arsenic pentaselenide-wastes should be placed in long-term storage or returned to suppliers or manufacturers for reprocessing. Arsenic trichloride: hydrolyze to arsenic trioxide utilizing scrubbers for hydrogen chloride abatement. The trioxide may then be placed in long-term storage. Arsenic trioxide: long-term storage in large shiftproof and weatherproof silos. This compound may also be dissolved, precipitated as the sulfide and returned to the suppliers. Arsenic-containing sewage may be decontaminated by pyrolusite treatment. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.

Arsen Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Arsen Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 141)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd
+8613613820652
info@fdachem.com China 5085 58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.
+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512
info@tianfuchem.com China 21700 55
career henan chemical co
+86-0371-86658258
sales@coreychem.com China 29914 58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.
18871490254
linda@hubeijusheng.com CHINA 28180 58
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD
86-13657291602
linda@hubeijusheng.com CHINA 22968 58
Chongqing Chemdad Co., Ltd
+86-023-61398051 +8613650506873
sales@chemdad.com China 39916 58
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
0551-65418671
sales@tnjchem.com China 34572 58
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd
+86-029-89586680 +86-18192503167
1026@dideu.com China 9802 58
changzhou huayang technology co., ltd
+8615250961469
2571773637@qq.com China 9821 58
Hebei Duling International Trade Co. LTD
+8618032673083
sales05@hbduling.cn China 15755 58

7440-38-2(Arsen)Verwandte Suche:


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  • Arsenic, powder, -325 mesh, 99.9999%
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  • Arsenic standard solution, 1 mg/ml As in 2% KOH, for AAS
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