Natriumchlorid

Sodium chloride Struktur
7647-14-5
CAS-Nr.
7647-14-5
Bezeichnung:
Natriumchlorid
Englisch Name:
Sodium chloride
Synonyma:
NaCl;CHLORIDE;prop-2-en-1-amine;SALT;SALINE;SEA SALT;PAD;Sodium chloride solution;Sodium chloride (NaCl);COMMON SALT
CBNumber:
CB4104636
Summenformel:
NaCl
Molgewicht:
58.44277
MOL-Datei:
7647-14-5.mol

Natriumchlorid Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
801 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt:
1465 °C/1 atm (lit.)
Dichte
1.199 g/mL at 20 °C
Dampfdruck
1 mm Hg ( 865 °C)
Brechungsindex
n20/D 1.378
Flammpunkt:
1413°C
storage temp. 
+15C to +30C
Löslichkeit
H2O: soluble
Aggregatzustand
tablets
Farbe
White
Wichte
2.165
PH
5.5-6.5(1 tablet in 100 mL purified water)
Wasserlöslichkeit
360 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive 
Hygroscopic
maximale Wellenlänge (λmax)
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.02
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck 
14,8599
BRN 
3534976
Dielectric constant
5.9(Ambient)
BCS Class
1
Stabilität:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CAS Datenbank
7647-14-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Sodium chloride(7647-14-5)
EPA chemische Informationen
Sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gefährlicher Xi
R-Sätze: 36-36/37/38-22
S-Sätze: 24/25-26-36
WGK Germany  1
RTECS-Nr. VZ4725000
3-10
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  38220000
Giftige Stoffe Daten 7647-14-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität LD50 orally in rats: 3.75 ±0.43 g/kg (Boyd, Shanas)
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Warnung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H303 May be harmfulif swallowed Acute toxicity,oral Category 5 P312
Sicherheit
P270 Bei Gebrauch nicht essen, trinken oder rauchen.
P301+P312 BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Bei Unwohlsein GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.
P403 An einem gut belüfteten Ort aufbewahren.

Natriumchlorid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R36:Reizt die Augen.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.

Beschreibung

Sodium chloride is widely distributed in nature. Oceans are the vast source of sodium chloride. It occurs in seawater at an average concentration of 2.68 wt%. It also occurs in many inland saline waters and in salt deposits in sedimentary rocks, as the mineral halite.
Sodium chloride is probably the most important salt of both sodium and chlorine. Sodium chloride, common table salt, is an essential component of most food preparation, imparting flavor to food and providing the sodium nutritional requirement. Also, it is used for preserving food. Therapeutically, NaCl solution is used to combat dehydration as an electrolyte replenisher, and it is an emetic.
The most important applications of sodium chloride in the chemical industry are in making a number of important industrial chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and metallic sodium. It is the starting material in manufacturing these substances. Other uses are in dyeing and printing fabrics, glazing pottery, in making soap, and for curing hides. Sodium chloride is a component of many freezing mixtures.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Sodium chloride, NaCl, also known as common salt and halite, is a white crystalline solid.It is soluble in water,slightly soluble in alcohol, and melts at 804 °C (1480 °F). Sodium chloride is the most important sodium mineral and occurs naturally in seawater, underground deposits, and brine wells.Sodiumchlorideis a basic raw material for the production of chlorine,sodium hypochlorite, sodium bisulfate,soda ash, and hydrogen chloride. Sodium chloride is also used in food preparation, fertilizers, and by highway departments to control icy road conditions.

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Sodium chloride is the familiar compound commonly referred to as salt or table salt. Th e mineral form of sodium chloride is halite and is found in natural deposits throughout the world. It accounts for approximately 2.7% by weight of the dissolved minerals in seawater. Sodium chloride is an ionic compound existing as a white crystalline cubic structure of alternating sodium and chloride ions. Sodium chloride is essential for life, with the average adult requiring about 1 to 2 grams per day. Salt supplies sodium and provides numerous essential functions such as maintaining water balance in cells, taking part in nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction.

Occurrence

Sodium chloride is widely distributed in nature. Oceans are the vast source of sodium chloride. It occurs in seawater at an average concentration of 2.68 wt%. It also occurs in many inland saline waters and in salt deposits in sedimentary rocks, as the mineral halite.
Sodium chloride is probably the most important salt of both sodium and chlorine. Sodium chloride, common table salt, is an essential component of most food preparation, imparting flavor to food and providing the sodium nutritional requirement. Also, it is used for preserving food. Therapeutically, NaCl solution is used to combat dehydration as an electrolyte replenisher, and it is an emetic.
The most important applications of sodium chloride in the chemical industry are in making a number of important industrial chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and metallic sodium. It is the starting material in manufacturing these substances. Other uses are in dyeing and printing fabrics, glazing pottery, in making soap, and for curing hides. Sodium chloride is a component of many freezing mixtures.

Verwenden

sodium chloride (table salt) is used as a preservative, astringent, and anti-septic to treat inflamed lesions. It can also be used to mask odor, reduce product density, and control viscosity. Diluted solutions are not considered irritating.

Definition

ChEBI: An inorganic chloride salt having sodium(1+) as the counterion.

Vorbereitung Methode

Sodium chloride occurs naturally as the mineral halite. Commercially, it is obtained by the solar evaporation of sea water, by mining, or by the evaporation of brine from underground salt deposits.

synthetische

Sodium chloride is produced by solar evaporation of seawater or brine from underground salt deposits. It also is produced by mining rock salt. The commercial product contains small amounts of calcium and magnesium chlorides.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A white crystalline solid. Commercial grade usually contains some chlorides of calcium and magnesium which absorb moisture and cause caking.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Water soluble.

Reaktivität anzeigen

Sodium chloride is generally unreactive. Releases gaseous hydrogen chloride if mixed with a concentrated nonvolatile acid such as sulfuric acid.

Brandgefahr

Literature sources indicate that Sodium chloride is nonflammable.

Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

Halite is a naturally occurring sodium chloride (NaCl) deposit. The most abundant potash mineral deposit is sylvite (KCl). Sylvite with halite forms the common potash ore, called sylvinite.

Pharmazeutische Anwendungen

Sodium chloride is widely used in a variety of parenteral and nonparenteral pharmaceutical formulations, where the primary use is to produce isotonic solutions.
Sodium chloride has been used as a lubricant and diluent in capsules and direct-compression tablet formulations in the past, although this practice is no longer common. Sodium chloride has also been used as a channeling agent and as an osmotic agent in the cores of controlled-release tablets. It has been used as a porosity modifier in tablet coatings, and to control drug release from microcapsules.
The addition of sodium chloride to aqueous spray-coating solutions containing hydroxypropyl cellulose or hypromellose suppresses the agglomeration of crystalline cellulose particles.(13) Sodium chloride can also be used to modify drug release from gels and from emulsions. It can be used to control micelle size, and to adjust the viscosity of polymer dispersions by altering the ionic character of a formulation.

Sicherheitsprofil

Poison by intraperitoneal and intracervical routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Human systemic effects by ingestion: blood pressure increase. Human reproductive effects by intraplacental route: terminates pregnancy. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. A skin and eye irritant. When bulk sodium chloride is heated to high temperature, a vapor is emitted that is irritating, particularly to the eyes. Ingestion of large amounts of sodium chloride can cause irritation of the stomach. Improper use of salt tablets may produce this effect. Potentially explosive reaction with dichloromaleic anhydride + urea. Electrolysis of mixtures with nitrogen compounds may form the explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reaction with burning lithmm forms the dangerously reactive sodmm. The molten salt at 11 00' reacts explosively with water. Violent reaction with BrF3. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cland Na2O.

Sicherheit(Safety)

Sodium chloride is the most important salt in the body for maintaining the osmotic tension of blood and tissues. About 5–12 g of sodium chloride is consumed daily, in the normal adult diet, and a corresponding amount is excreted in the urine. As an excipient, sodium chloride may be regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material. However, toxic effects following the oral ingestion of 0.5–1.0 g/kg body-weight in adults may occur. The oral ingestion of larger quantities of sodium chloride, e.g. 1000 g in 600mL of water, is harmful and can induce irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, hypernatremia, respiratory distress, convulsions, or death.
In rats, the minimum lethal intravenous dose is 2.5 g/kg bodyweight.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 6.61 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.65 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 4.0 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 3.0 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 3.0 g/kg

Lager

Aqueous sodium chloride solutions are stable but may cause the separation of glass particles from certain types of glass containers. Aqueous solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving or filtration. The solid material is stable and should be stored in a well-closed container, in a cool, dry place.
It has been shown that the compaction characteristics and the mechanical properties of tablets are influenced by the relative humidity of the storage conditions under which sodium chloride was kept.

läuterung methode

It is recrystallised from a saturated aqueous solution (2.7mL/g) by passing in HCl gas, or by adding EtOH or acetone. It can be freed from bromide and iodide impurities by adding chlorine water to an aqueous solution and boiling it for some time to expel free bromine and iodine. Traces of iron can be removed by prolonged boiling of solid NaCl in 6M HCl; the crystals are then washed with EtOH and dried at ca 100o. Sodium chloride has been purified by sublimation in a stream of pre-purified N2 and collected by electrostatic discharge [Ross & Winkler J Am Chem Soc 76 2637 1954]. For use as a primary analytical standard, analytical reagent grade NaCl should be finely ground, dried in an electric furnace at 500-600o in a platinum crucible, and allowed to cool in a desiccator. For most purposes, however, drying at 110-120o is satisfactory.

Inkompatibilitäten

Aqueous sodium chloride solutions are corrosive to iron. They also react to form precipitates with silver, lead, and mercury salts. Strong oxidizing agents liberate chlorine from acidified solutions of sodium chloride. The solubility of the antimicrobial preservative methylparaben is decreased in aqueous sodium chloride solutions and the viscosity of carbomer gels and solutions of hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose is reduced by the addition of sodium chloride.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections; inhalations; nasal, ophthalmic, oral, otic, rectal, and topical preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

Natriumchlorid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Natriumchlorid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 1174)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Shanghai UCHEM Inc.
+862156762820 +86-13564624040
sales@myuchem.com China 6710 58
Auschemicals Pty Ltd
+61406202619
info@auschemicals.com Australia 431 58
Wuhan Han Sheng New Material Technology Co.,Ltd
+8617798174412
admin01@hsnm.com.cn China 2118 58
Henan Bao Enluo International TradeCo.,LTD
+86-17331933971 +86-17331933971
deasea125996@gmail.com China 2503 58
Hebei Jingbo New Material Technology Co., Ltd
+8619931165850
hbjbtech@163.com China 1000 58
Hebei Saisier Technology Co., LTD
+86-18400010335 +86-13102810335
admin@hbsaisier.cn China 626 58
Shaanxi TNJONE Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
+86-13474506593 +86-13474506593
sarah@tnjone.com China 864 58
Hebei Zhuanglai Chemical Trading Co.,Ltd
+8613343047651
admin@zlchemi.com China 290 58
Jiangsu Kolod Food Ingredients Co.,Ltd.
+86-518-85110578 +8618805133257
sales3257@jskolod.com China 132 60
Hangzhou Bayee Chemical Co., Ltd.
0086-571-86990109
rachelhoo@bayeechem.com China 104 55

7647-14-5(Natriumchlorid)Verwandte Suche:


  • SODIUM STANDARD STOCK SOL
  • SODIUM CHLORIDE NATIVE
  • SODIUM CHLORIDE
  • SODIUM CHLORIDE 2500 UMHO/
  • CHLORIDE ION CHROMATOGRAPHY STANDARD
  • Sodium chloride puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%
  • Sodium chloride puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.0-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance), <=0.00002% Al
  • Sodium chloride random crystals, optical grade, 99.98% trace metals basis
  • Sodium chloride ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
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  • Sodium chloride Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%
  • BORIC ACID SODIUM DECAHYDRATE NF GRADE
  • BICINE HIGH PURITY GRADE
  • CAFFEINE USP GRADE
  • Sodium chlorideACS/USP, 99.0-100.5% (dried basis)
  • Sodium Chloride, 0.1N, 1/10 equiv. = 5.844g NaCl
  • Sodium Chloride, Meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur.,BP, USP
  • Sodium Chloride, Reag. Ph. Eur. reag. ISO
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  • Sodium Chloride, For ACS analysis
  • Sodium Chloride, Certipure?, Secondary Reference Material For Argentometry
  • TBST, 20X Solution, pH 7.4
  • Sodium chloride, autoclaved
  • Sodium chloride, RNAse free
  • Sodium chloride, DNAse, RNAse and Protease Free
  • TANKER FINE SALT
  • SODIUM STOCK SOLUTION
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 445 UMHOS
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 46.7 UM
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 50,000 UM
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 50 UMHOS
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 70,000 UM
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 7,000 UM
  • CONDUCTIVITY STD, 700 UMHOS
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  • CONDUCTIVITY/TDS STANDARD
  • CHLORIDE ION STANDARD
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  • NaCl Solution, 1M
  • Sodium chloride anhydrous, Redi-Dri(TM), free-flowing, ACS reagent, >=99%
  • Sodium chloride, 99.99% trace metals basis
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  • 0.1mol/l-Sodium Chloride Solution
  • 5mol/l-Sodium Chloride Solution
  • Sodium Chloride Standard Solutions for Osmometer Calibration
  • Sodium chloride standard
  • TG-SDS BUFFER 10X READY-PACK ULTRA PURE
  • URIDINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE ULTRA PURE GRADE
  • SODIUM CHLORIDE: 99.999% PURATREM
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  • Sodium chloride,99.85%,for molecular biology,DNAse, RNAse and Protease free
  • Sodium chloride, Puratronic, 99.999% (metals basis)
  • SODIUM CHLORIDE extrapure AR
  • Sodium Chloride, crystal
  • mermaid salt
  • Sodium chloride, 99.994% (metals basis)
  • Sodium chloride anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri, ReagentPlus, >=99%
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