Dexamethason

Dexamethasone Struktur
50-02-2
CAS-Nr.
50-02-2
Bezeichnung:
Dexamethason
Englisch Name:
Dexamethasone
Synonyma:
DEXAMETHASONE BASE;DXM;DEXAMETHASON;Dexa;Dexametasona;DECADRON;HEXADECADROL;Dexamethazone;DexaMethasone-d4;DEXAMETHASONE CRYSTALLINE
CBNumber:
CB4261243
Summenformel:
C22H29FO5
Molgewicht:
392.47
MOL-Datei:
50-02-2.mol

Dexamethason Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
262-264 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt:
568.2±50.0 °C(Predicted)
alpha 
75 º (c=1, dioxane)
Dichte
1.1283 (estimate)
Brechungsindex
76 ° (C=1, Dioxane)
Flammpunkt:
9℃
storage temp. 
2-8°C
Löslichkeit
ethanol: 1 mg/mL
pka
12.13±0.70(Predicted)
Aggregatzustand
powder
Farbe
off-white
Wasserlöslichkeit
10 mg/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive 
Light Sensitive
Merck 
14,2943
BRN 
2066651
BCS Class
1 (CLogP), 3 (LogP)
Stabilität:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. May be light sensitive.
InChIKey
UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N
CAS Datenbank
50-02-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Prednisolone, 9alpha-fluoro-16alpha-methyl-(50-02-2)
EPA chemische Informationen
Dexamethasone (50-02-2)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher Xi,Xn,T,F
R-Sätze: 43-40-36/37/38-20/21/22-42/43-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
S-Sätze: 36/37-45-36-26-22-16
RIDADR  UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution
WGK Germany  2
RTECS-Nr. TU3980000
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  29372210
Giftige Stoffe Daten 50-02-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität LD50 oral in rat: > 3gm/kg

Dexamethason Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.

Beschreibung

The activity of dexamethasone, as measured by glycogen deposition, is 20 times greater than that of hydrocortisone. It has five times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone. Clinical data indicate that this compound has seven times the antirheumatic potency of prednisolone. It is roughly 30 times more potent than hydrocortisone. Its pharmacokinetics are presented in Table 33.3. Routes of metabolism for dexamethasone are similar to those for prednisolone, with its primary 6β-hydroxy metabolite being recovered in urine. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is the water-soluble sodium salt of the 21-phosphate ester, with an IV half-life of less than 10 minutes because of rapid hydrolysis by plasma phosphatases. Peak plasma levels for dexamethasone usually are attained in approximately 10 to 20 minutes following its IV administered dose. A similar reaction occurs when the phosphate ester is applied topically or by inhalation.

Chemische Eigenschaften

White or almost white, crystalline powder.

Verwenden

Dexamethasone is used for the same indications as all corticosteroids; however, it exhibits a significantly more powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action. It is used for circulatory collapse—shock during or after surgical operations, trauma, blood loss, myocardial infarction, and burns. It is also used in severe infections—toxemia, vascular collapse in meningococcosis, septicemia, diphtheria, typhoid fever, and peritonitis. It is used in severe allergic conditions—asthmatic status, laryngeal edema, severe anaphylactic reactions to medicinal drugs, and pyrogenic reactions.

Indications

Cushing’s disease is defined as hypercortisolism due to chronic overproduction of corticotrophin by a corticotroph adenoma. Cortisol’s lack of suppressibility during the administration of low doses of dexamethasone but suppressibility during high-dose dexamethasone is the key diagnostic finding in 99% of the patients with Cushing’s disease. This contrasts with the lack of glucocorticoid suppressibility typically found in patients with corticotrophin-independent hypercortisolism (Cushing’s syndrome). A judicious selection of the available tests may be necessary to obtain an accurate diagnosis in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

Dexamethasone, 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione,is the 16 -isomer of betamethasone.
Dexamethasone acetate, USP (21-acetate)
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate, USP (21-sodiumphosphate).

Air & Water Reaktionen

Insoluble in water.

Reaktivität anzeigen

Dexamethasone may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Dexamethasone is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. Oxidation may occur with bases.

Brandgefahr

Flash point data for Dexamethasone are not available; however, Dexamethasone is probably combustible.

Biologische Aktivität

Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory. Reduces levels of activated NF- κ B in immature dendritic cells (DCs) and inhibits differentiation into mature DCs.

Pharmakokinetik

The activity of dexamethasone, as measured by glycogen deposition, is 20 times greater than that of hydrocortisone. It has five times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone. Clinical data indicate that this compound has seven times the antirheumatic potency of prednisolone. It is roughly 30 times more potent than hydrocortisone. Its pharmacokinetics are presented in Table 33.3. Routes of metabolism for dexamethasone are similar to those for prednisolone, with its primary 6β-hydroxy metabolite being recovered in urine. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is the water-soluble sodium salt of the 21-phosphate ester, with an IV half-life of less than 10 minutes because of rapid hydrolysis by plasma phosphatases. Peak plasma levels for dexamethasone usually are attained in approximately 10 to 20 minutes following its IV administered dose. A similar reaction occurs when the phosphate ester is applied topically or by inhalation.

Pharmakologie

Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid with high glucocorticoid activity and virtually no mineralocorticoid activity. I ts mechanism of action as an antiemetic is unknown, but it is possible that either direct genomic or indirect non-genomic effects on 5-HT3 and GABAA receptors contribute to its antiemetic activity. Many of the original studies were carried out using 8– 10mg of dexamethasone phosphate, but smaller doses (2.5–4mg) provide equal antiemetic efficacy with minimal risk of adverse effects. Concerns relating to adrenal suppression and other steroid-induced adverse effects (including increased risk of bleeding) after a single dose of dexamethasone remain largely unfounded. O ne of the most unpleasant adverse effects of dexamethasone involves intense perineal stimulation after rapid i.v. injection.

Sicherheitsprofil

Poison by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of F-.

läuterung methode

Dexamethasone has been recrystallised from Et2O or small volumes of EtOAc. Its solubility in H2O is 10 mg/100mL at 25o; and is freely soluble in Me2CO, EtOH and CHCl3. [Arth et al. J Am Chem Soc 80 3161 1958; for the -methyl isomer see Taub et al. J Am Chem Soc 82 4025 1960, see Beilstein 8 IV 3501.]

Dexamethason Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Dexamethason Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 768)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
CONIER CHEM AND PHARMA LIMITED
+8618523575427
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+86-17063441314
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+8617798174412
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Shaanxi Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd
+86-02963020060 +86-18629295024
hibo06@xaltbio.com China 1000 58
Capot Chemical Co.,Ltd.
571-85586718 +8613336195806
sales@capotchem.com China 29797 60
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.
+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512
info@tianfuchem.com China 21700 55
Hangzhou FandaChem Co.,Ltd.
008657128800458; +8615858145714
fandachem@gmail.com China 9354 55

50-02-2(Dexamethason)Verwandte Suche:


  • DEXAMETHASONUM
  • DEXAMETHASONE
  • (11B,16A)-9-FLUORO-11,17,21-TRIHYDROXY-16-METHYL-PREGNA-1,4-DIENE-3,20-DIONE
  • 1,4-PREGNADIEN-9ALPHA-FLUORO-16ALPHA-METHYL-11BETA, 17ALPHA, 21-TRIOL 3,20-DIONE
  • 1,4-PREGNADIEN-9-ALPHA-FLUORO-16-ALPHA-METHYL-11-BETA, 17,21-TRIOL-3,20-DIONE
  • 1,4-PREGNADIENE-3,20-DIONE-9ALPHA-FLUORO-16ALPHA METHYL-11BETA,17ALPHA,21-TRIOL
  • 9ALPHA-FLUORO-16ALPHA-METHYL-11BETA,17ALPHA,21-TRIHYDROXY-1,4-PREGNADIENE-3,20-DIONE
  • 9ALPHA-FLUORO-16ALPHA-METHYLPREDNISOLONE
  • 9ALPHA-FLUORO-11BETA,17,21-TRIHYDROXY-16ALPHA-METHYL-1,4-PREGNADIENE 3,20DIONE
  • Aeroseb-D
  • anaflogistico
  • Aphtasolon
  • Auxiron
  • Bisu DS
  • component of Azimycin
  • component of Azium
  • component of Deronil
  • component of Dronactin
  • Corson
  • Corsone
  • Cortisumman
  • Decadron Tablets, Elixir
  • decalix
  • Dekacort
  • delta(sup1)-9-alpha-fluoro-16-alpha-methylcortisol
  • delta1-9-alpha-Fluoro-16-alpha-methylcortisol
  • Deltafluorene
  • Dergramin
  • Desadrene
  • Desametasone
  • Desamethasone
  • Desameton
  • deseronil
  • dexacortal
  • Dexa-Cortidelt
  • dexacortin
  • Dexadeltone
  • dexafarma
  • Dexalona
  • dexamamallet
  • Dexameth
  • dexamethasonealcohol
  • dexapos
  • Dexaprol
  • Dexa-Scheroson
  • isopto-dex
  • lokalisonf
  • loverine
  • luxazone
  • Mediamethasone
  • Mexidex
  • Millicorten
  • MK 125
  • mk125
  • ocu-trol
  • Oradexon
  • 16alpha)-
  • 16alpha)-9-fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-(11bet
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