Dicamba Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE KRISTALLE.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0163).
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Haut, die Atemwege, und reizt stark die Augen.
LECKAGE
NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel. Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
R52/53:Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
Beschreibung
Dicamba was introduced in the 1960s and
is selective in cereals, corn (Zea mays), sugar cane
(Saccharum spp.), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), and
turf for the pre- and post-emergence control of annual
and perennial broadleaf weeds. Dicamba exhibits lowto-
moderate persistence in most soils. See Table 10 for
the nomenclature, chemical structure, and physical and
chemical properties of dicamba.
Verwenden
Dicamba is mainly used as an herbicide to control weeds, dock,
bracken, and brush. Dicamba is frequently applied with other
herbicides, including atrazine, glyphosate, imazethapyr, ioxynil,
and mecoprop.
Definition
ChEBI: A methoxybenzoic acid that is O-methylsalicylic acid substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 6.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Dicamba is a white solid dissolved in a liquid carrier. The carrier is water emulsifiable. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Since Dicamba is a liquid Dicamba can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams. Dicamba can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion. Dicamba is used as a herbicide.
Health Hazard
SOLID: Harmful if swallowed.
Brandgefahr
Not flammable.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Herbicide: Used to control annual and perennial broadleaf
weeds in corn, sorghum, small grains, pastures, hay,
rangeland, sugarcane, asparagus, turf, grass-seed crops,
and non-croplands. It can be applied to the leaves or to
the soil. Dicamba controls annual and perennial broadleaf
weeds in grain crops and grasslands, and it is used to control
brush and bracken in pastures. It will kill broadleaf
weeds before and after they sprout. Legumes will be killed
by dicamba. In combination with a phenoxyalkanoic acid
or other herbicide, dicamba is used in pastures, range land,
and non-crop areas such as fence-rows and roadways to
control weeds.
Handelsname
BANEX®; BANLEN®; BANVEL®;
BANVEL 4S®; BANVEL 4WS®; BANVEL CST®;
BANVEL HERBICIDE®; BANVEL II HERBICIDE®;
BRUSH BUSTER®; BUSHWHACKER®; CADENCE®;
CASWELL No. 295®; CLARITY®; COMPOUND
B DICAMBA®; DIANATE®; DISTINCT®;
DYVEL®; FALLOWMASTER®; FLOWMASTER®;
GORDON’S TRIGUARD®; GORDON’S TRI-MEC®;
MARKSMAN®; MEDIBEN®; NORTHSTAR®;
SUMMIT®; TARGET®; TRACKER®; TROOPER®;
VANQUISH®; VELSICOL 58-CS-11®; VELSICOL
COMPOUND R®; WEEDMASTER®; YUKON®
Pharmakologie
Dicamba is highly mobile in soils
and will leach or move upward depending on the flux of
the soil water. Adsorption to soils is generally limited,
although a few studies using acidic kaolinite and muck
soils showed that dicamba was adsorbed to these soils.
Adsorption of dicamba is greatest at low soil pHs and
is minimal at pHs greater than 6.0. Because dicamba is
highly water soluble, it is reasonable to expect that some
loss may occur via soil water runoff from the application
zone. However, studies conducted by Trichelle et al. (44)
showed that such losses were minimal, i.e., less than 5.5%
of applied. The rate of dicamba volatilization is not clear,
although it is likely that it does occur to some extent.
On planchets, approximately 50% of applied dicamba
volatilized over a period of 11 weeks. The significance
of this result is questionable, because in a similar study
using soil, there was no appreciable volatilization (45).
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Mutation data reported. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl-.
Dicamba Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
