Ammoniumthiocyanat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R32:Entwickelt bei Berührung mit Säure sehr giftige Gase.
R52/53:Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S13:Von Nahrungsmitteln, Getränken und Futtermitteln fernhalten.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
CH4N2S; Ammoniumrhodanid, Ammoniumsulfocyanid. Farbloses, geruchloses Pulver.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
Führt nach Resorption zu Fieber und ZNS-Störungen. 15 - 30 g können tödlich sein.
Entwickelt bei Berührung mit Säure sehr giftige Gase. Nicht mit Säuren oder Oxidationsmitteln in Berührung bringen.
LD
Lo (oral, Mensch): 15 g
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Staubschutz.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Staubentwicklung vermeiden. Stäube nicht einatmen.
Trocken aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen.
Wasser, Schaum.
Nicht brennbar. Im Brandfall können Schwefeloxide, nitrose Gase, Ammoniak und Blausäure freigesetzt werden.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen. Sofort Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft, Sauerstoffzufuhr. Sofort Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Verschlucken: Reichlich Wasser trinken lassen. Erbrechen auslösen. sofort Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Als basische Lösung in Wasser in die entsprechenden wässrigen Salzlösungen oder fest als Laborchemikalienabfälle entsorgen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Ammonium thiocyanate is a colorless solid
which absorbs moisture, becoming liquid, known as the
“liquor.”
Verwenden
Colorless deliquescent crystals made by boiling an aqueous
solution of ammonium cyanide with sulfur or polysulfides.
It must be kept in a well-sealed container. The principal use
for ammonium thiocyanate was in gold-toning formulas, but
it was also used in a 5 percent solution to dissolve gelatin in
overexposed carbon prints.
Vorbereitung Methode
Ammonium thiocyanate (plus ammonium sulfide) [CAS: 12135-76-1] may be made by reaction of ammonia and carbon disulfide, a reaction which probably accounts for the presence of ammonium thiocyanate in the products of the destructive distillation of coal. This reaction corresponds to the formation of ammonium cyanate from ammonia and carbon dioxide.
synthetische
(NH
4)
2S is obtained from reacting hydrogen sulfide with excess of ammonia:
H
2S +
2NH
3 → (NH
4)
2S.
Definition
ammonium thiocyanate: A colourless, soluble crystalline compound,NH
4NCS. It is made by theaction of hydrogen cyanide on ammoniumsulphide or from ammoniaand carbon disulphide in ethanol. Onheating, it turns into its isomerthiourea, SC(NH
2)
2. Its solutions givea characteristic blood-red colour withiron(III) compounds and so are employedas a test for ferric iron. Ammoniumthiocyanate is used as arapid fixative in photography and asan ingredient in making explosives.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Ammonium thiocyanate is a colorless crystalline solid. Ammonium thiocyanate is soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat posed to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Ammonium thiocyanate is used in chemical analysis, in photography, as a fertilizer, and for many other uses.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Water soluble.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Ammonium thiocyanate can release ammonia vapors if mixed with a chemical base or with an acid. Violent or explosive reactions have occurred when thiocyanates are mixed with oxidizing agents (such as chlorates(potassium chlorate), nitrates, nitric acid, and peroxides). Nitric acid violently oxidized a thiocyanate solution [Bretherick 1979 p. 121]. An explosion of guanidine nitrate demolished an autoclave built to withstand 50 atmospheres, in which Ammonium thiocyanate was being made from Ammonium thiocyanate and lead nitrate [C. Angew. Chem. 49:23 1936].
Health Hazard
Inhalation of dust causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes dizziness, cramps, nervous disturbances. Dust irritates eyes. Can be absorbed through skin; prolonged contact may produce various skin eruptions, dizziness, cramps, nausea, and mild to severe disturbance of the nervous system.
Brandgefahr
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Decomposes to form ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. Oxides of nitrogen may also form. All of these products are toxic.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic
effects by ingestion: hallucinations and
distorted perceptions, nausea or vomiting,
and other gastrointestinal effects. See also
THIOCYANATES. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NH3,
NOx, SO,, and CN-. Incompatible with
KClO3 and mixtures with Pb(NO3)2.
mögliche Exposition
It has many uses in making matches,
fabric processing; metals processing; chemical manufacturing,
electroplating; zinc coating; liquid rocket propellents,
fabric dyeing, polymerization catalyst, in photography.
Used as a laboratory chemical. May be used as an agricultural
chemical: herbicides, weed killers, defoliants.
Versand/Shipping
UN2672 Ammonia solutions, relative density
between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 C in water, with . 10 %
but not . 35 % ammonia, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-
Corrosive material. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous
substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-
Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name
Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous
hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
läuterung methode
Crystallise it three times from dilute HClO4 to give material optically transparent at wavelengths longer than 270nm. It has also been crystallised from absolute MeOH or from acetonitrile.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Acts as an acid; incompatible
with lead nitrate, chlorates, nitric acid, acid, acid
fumes. In the presence of moisture, this chemical is corrosive
to brass, copper, iron. Ammonium thiocyanate liquor
can release ammonia vapors if mixed with a chemical base
or with an acid. Violent or explosive reactions have
occurred when thiocyanates are mixed with oxidizing
agents . Nitric acid violently oxidized a
thiocyanate solution . An explosion
of guanidine nitrate demolished an autoclave built to withstand
50 atmospheres, in which it was being made from
ammonium thiocyanate and lead nitrate .
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Slowly add to large container of water. Stir in slight excess
of soda ash. Decant or siphon liquid from sludge, neutralize
with HCl and flush to sewer. Sludge may be landfilled.
Ammoniumthiocyanat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
Quecksilberdithiocyanat
Thiosemicarbacid
Albendazole
2,3,5-TRICHLOROBENZENEBORONIC ACID
Acetazolamid
5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol
Calciumdithiocyanat
1-Phenylthiosemicarbazid
4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PHENYL THIOCYANATE
5,6-Dimethylbenzothiazol-2-ylamin
Natriumthiocyanat
(2-Chlorphenyl)thioharnstoff
Benazolin
N-(2-thioxo-4-oxothiazolidin)essigsure
Buprofezin
Carbonylsulfid
Diethyl-1,3-diethan-2-ylidenphos-phoramidat
2-(ACETAMIDO)-5-(CHLOROSULFONYL)-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE
OMEPRAZOLE
o-Tolylthioharnstoff
Antu (ISO)
Hydrazodicarbothioamid
4,5-DIPHENYL-2-IMIDAZOLETHIOL
4-(Propylthio)benzene-1,2-diamine
5-Methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]benzo-1,3-thiazol
8-BROMO-4-CHLORO-2-METHYLTHIOPYRAZOLO[1,5-A]1,3,5-TRIAZINE
Moxonidine
Ammoniumthiosulfat
2-AMINO-6-HYDROXY-PYRIMIDINE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID
Kaliumthiocyanat
Senföl
BISMERTHIAZOL
tert-Butylisothiocyanat
4-BROMOPHENYLTHIOUREA
Thioharnstoff
