Schwefelsäure, Eisen(II)-Salz Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R25:Giftig beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Beschreibung
Green vitriol, FeSO4.7H20, has been known since the thirteenth
century ; it crystallizes from solutions of iron or iron bases in dilute sulphuric acid. The
heptahydrate forms green monoclinic crystals of density 1·88, very soluble in water (296 g
litre
-1 FeS04 at 25°C). By precipitating the aqueous solution with ethanol, heating the
heptahydrate to 140° in vacuo or by crystallizing it from 50 % sulphuric acid, the white monohydrate
is obtained. This can be further dehydrated to the white, amorphous FeSO4 by
heating to 300° in a current of hydrogen. At red heat the sulphate decomposes :
2FeS04 -> Fe203+S02+S03
A tetrahydrate, FeS04.4H20, crystallizes from aqueous solutions above 56°.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Ferrous sulfate is a greenish or yellowish solid
in fine or lumpy crystals.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White orthorhombic crystal; hygroscopic; density 3.65 g/cm
3; soluble in water (26.6g/100g water at 20°C). The monohydrate is a yellowish-white monoclinic crystal; density 3.0 g/cm
3; decomposes at 300°C; soluble in water. Heptahydrate is bluish-green monoclinic crystal; refractive index 1.47; hardness 2 Mohs; density 1.89g/cm上3; decomposes at about 60°C; very soluble in water; soluble in absolute methanol; slightly soluble in ethanol.
Occurrence
Iron(II) sulfate is probably the most important salt of iron, as well as the longest-known iron(II) compound. The compound is used as a mordant in dyeing; as a component of writing ink; in electroplating baths; in radiation dosimeters; in lithography and engraving; as a weed-killer; and in water purification. A major application of this compound is in the manufacture of other iron(II) salts including Prussian blue or ferric ferrocyanide. Iron(II) sulfate also is used as a reducing agent and an analytical reagent (in brown ring test for nitrate).
Verwenden
Ferrous Sulfate is a nutrient and dietary supplement that is a source
of iron. it is a white to grayish odorless powder. ferrous sulfate hep-
tahydrate contains approximately 20% iron, while ferrous sulfate
dried contains approximately 32% iron. it dissolves slowly in water
and has high bioavailability. it can cause discoloration and rancidity.
it is used for fortification of baking mixes. in the encapsulated form
it does not react with lipids in cereal flours. it is used in infant foods,
cereals, and pasta products.
Vorbereitung Methode
Iron(II) sulfate in industrial scale is mostly produced in the pickling process as a by-product of the steel industry. It is obtained when the surface of steel is cleaned with dilute sulfuric acid to remove metal impurities. In the laboratory iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate may be prepared by dissolving iron in dilute sulfuric acid in a reducing atmosphere, followed by crystallization:
Fe + H
2SO
4 → FeSO
4 + H
2 Alcohol may be added to the aqueous solution to speed up crystallization; iron(II) may otherwise oxidize to iron(III) during a slow crystallization process.
Iron(II) oxide or carbonate may be used instead of iron metal to prepare the heptahydrate.
.
Definition
A rusty-brown solid prepared by the action
of heat on iron(III) hydroxide or iron(II)
sulfate. It occurs in nature as the mineral
hematite. Industrially it is obtained by
roasting iron pyrites. Iron(III) oxide dissolves
in dilute acids to produce solutions
of iron(III) salts. It is stable at red heat, decomposes
around 1300°C to give triiron
tetroxide, and can be reduced to iron by
hydrogen at 1000°C. Iron(III) oxide is not
ionic in character but has a structure similar
to that of aluminum(III) oxide.
Hazard
Ingestion causes intestinal disorders.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Copperas, also called green vitriol, is ferrous sulphate heptahydrate. It is an iron salt fertilizer, which is most effective in overcoming iron deficiency.
Sicherheitsprofil
A human poison by
ingestion. Moderately toxic to humans by an
unspecified route. An experimental poison
by ingestion, intraduodenal, intraperitoneal,
intravenous, and subcutaneous routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion:
aggression, somnolence, brain recorlng
changes, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting,
bleedmg from the stomach, coma.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. Experimental teratogenic
and reproductive effects. Mutation data
reported. Potentially explosive reaction with
methyl isocyanoacetate at 25'. May igmte on
contact with arsenic trioxide + sodium
nitrate. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of SOx. See also IRON COMPOUNDS.
mögliche Exposition
It is used as a fertilizer, food or feed
additive; and in herbicides; process engraving; dyeing, and
water treatment. A byproduct of various chemical and
metal treating operations.
Inkompatibilitäten
Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with
alkalies form iron. Keep away from alkalies, soluble carbo nates; gold and silver salts; lead acetate; lime water, potassium
iodide; potassium and sodium tartrate; sodium borate; tannin.
Schwefelsäure, Eisen(II)-Salz Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
