Spectinomycin

Spectinomycin Struktur
1695-77-8
CAS-Nr.
1695-77-8
Bezeichnung:
Spectinomycin
Englisch Name:
Spectinomycin
Synonyma:
espectinomicina;trobicin;spectinomycine;spectam;togamycin;Spectacin;macromycin;pectinomycin;SPECTINOMYCIN;spectinomicina
CBNumber:
CB8197632
Summenformel:
C14H24N2O7
Molgewicht:
332.35
MOL-Datei:
1695-77-8.mol

Spectinomycin Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
185 °C (decomp)
Siedepunkt:
583.1±50.0 °C(Predicted)
alpha 
D25 -20° (water)
Dichte
1.43±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
pka
pKa1 6.95, pKa2 8.70(at 25℃)
EPA chemische Informationen
Spectinomycin (1695-77-8)

Sicherheit

Spectinomycin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

Beschreibung

An unusual aminoglycoside antibiotic, spectinomycin is produced by fermentation of Streptomyces spectabil is and differs substantially in its clinical properties from the others. The diaminoinositol unit (spectinamine) contains two mono-N-methyl groups, and the hydroxyl between them has a stereochemistry opposite to that in streptomycin. The glycosidically attached sugar also is unusual in that it contains three consecutive carbonyl groups, either overt or masked, and is fused by two adjacent linkages to spectinamine to produce an unusual, fused, three-ring structure.

Verwenden

Spectinomycin finds principal application in the treatment of gonorrhea. It should be noted that the antibiotic resistance among N. gonorrhoeae has caused a number of therapeutic problems. It has been found that only by escalating the antibiotic doses and using probenecid to retard the excretion of penicillin and ampicillin (the drugs of choice) has the continued effective use of penicillin, ampicillin, and tetracycline been possible. Even with modifications in the therapy, from 3 to 8% of cases fail to respond to the usual regimens for uncomplicated gonorrhea. Thus, the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea that fails to respond to the usual regimen is spectinomycin therapy.

Definition

ChEBI: An organic heterotricyclic antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.

Antimicrobial activity

Its activity is modest and markedly affected by medium composition and pH. It exerts only moderate activity against Gram-positive organisms. It is widely active against enterobacteria, but Providencia spp. are resistant. Anaerobic bacteria are also resistant.
Of particular interest is its activity against N. gonorrhoeae, including β-lactamase-producing strains. Among other sexually acquired organisms, Ureaplasma urealyticum is susceptible, but Chlamydia trachomatis and T. pallidum are resistant.
For most organisms, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is at least four times the MIC and it is regarded as essentially bacteristatic. In contrast, it is bactericidal for gonococci at concentrations close to the MIC, which is of the order of 2–16 mg/L for both penicillin-susceptible and resistant strains.

Acquired resistance

N. gonorrhoeae strains resistant to spectinomycin have emerged in South East Asia, the USA and the UK; the resistance of UK isolates was not attributable to aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. In most countries where its use remains low the prevalence of resistance in gonorrhea is also low.
Acquired resistance in enterobacteria, enterococci and staphylococci can be caused by nucleotidyltransferases that modify the drug at position 9. The enzyme from Gram-negative organisms ANT(3″) (9) also modifies streptomycin at position 3″, thus conferring cross-resistance to the two drugs. There is no enzymatic cross-resistance with 2-deoxystreptamine- containing aminoglycosides.

Kontakt-Allergie

Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic. It is used in human medicine against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and in veterinary medicine, especially for poultry, pigs, and cattle. Cases of dermatitis have been reported in veterinary practice.

Pharmakokinetik

Cmax 25 mg/kg intramuscular: 60–80 mg/L after 1 h
Plasma half-life: 2–3 h
Volume of distribution: 10–13.4 L
Plasma protein binding: <10%
It is poorly absorbed on oral administration. It is almost completely excreted unchanged in the urine over 48 h, concentrations on conventional dosage reaching 1 g/L. Excretion is prolonged in renal impairment, and is unaffected by probenecid.

Clinical Use

Gonorrhea in penicillin-allergic patients or due to penicillin-resistant strains (single-dose treatment)

Nebenwirkungen

Transient headache, dizziness, pain at the site of injection and occasional fever have been described. No evidence of ototoxicity or renal toxicity has been found in volunteers receiving doses of 2 g every 6 h for 3 weeks, amounts much in excess of those used therapeutically.

Spectinomycin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Spectinomycin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 107)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.
18871490254
linda@hubeijusheng.com CHINA 28180 58
career henan chemical co
+86-0371-86658258 15093356674;
factory@coreychem.com China 29826 58
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd
+86-29-87569265 +86-18612256290
1056@dideu.com China 3683 58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd
+8613288715578
sales@hbmojin.com China 12457 58
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
0551-65418671
sales@tnjchem.com China 34572 58
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd
+86-029-89586680 +86-18192503167
1026@dideu.com China 9409 58
Dideu Industries Group Limited
+86-29-89586680 +86-15129568250
1026@dideu.com China 29322 58
AFINE CHEMICALS LIMITED
0571-85134551
info@afinechem.com CHINA 15377 58
BOC Sciences
+16314854226
inquiry@bocsci.com United States 19743 58
Dayang Chem (Hangzhou) Co.,Ltd.
571-88938639 +8617705817739
info@dycnchem.com CHINA 52867 58

1695-77-8(Spectinomycin)Verwandte Suche:


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  • 4H-Pyrano2,3-b1,4benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-, (2R,4aR,5aR,6S,7S,8R,9S,9aR,10aS)-
  • 4H-Pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)- (7CI, 8CI)
  • 4H-Pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-, (2R,4aR,5aR,6S,7S,8R,9S,9aR,10aS)- (9CI)
  • 4H-Pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-, [2R-(2a,4ab,5ab,6b,7b,8b,9a,9aa,10ab)]-
  • Spectacin
  • Spectinomycin Hydrochloride /Sulfate
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  • Spectinomycin(hydrochloride pentahydrate form)
  • Spectinomycin USP/EP/BP
  • Spectinomycin HydrochlorideQ: What is Spectinomycin Hydrochloride Q: What is the CAS Number of Spectinomycin Hydrochloride Q: What is the storage condition of Spectinomycin Hydrochloride
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