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Urethane

CAS No.
51-79-6
Chemical Name:
Urethane
Synonyms
ETHYL CARBAMATE;Uretan;Urethan;Estane 5703;rethane;ethylurethan;ETHYLURETHANE;CARBAMIC ACID ETHYL ESTER;ETHYL CARBAMATE (URETHANE);x41
CBNumber:
CB4368670
Molecular Formula:
C3H7NO2
Molecular Weight:
89.09
MDL Number:
MFCD00007966
MOL File:
51-79-6.mol
MSDS File:
SDS
Last updated:2024-03-14 15:18:26

Urethane Properties

Melting point 48-50 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 182-184 °C(lit.)
Density 1.10
vapor density 3.07 (vs air)
vapor pressure 10 mm Hg ( 77.8 °C)
refractive index 1.4144
Flash point 198 °F
storage temp. Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility slightly soluble
form Crystals or Crystalline Powder
pka 13.58±0.50(Predicted)
color White
PH pH(50g/l, 25℃) : 5.0~7.0
Water Solubility slightly soluble
Merck 14,9874
BRN 635810
Dielectric constant 14.2(50℃)
Stability Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
LogP -0.150
CAS DataBase Reference 51-79-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores 6
FDA UNII 3IN71E75Z5
Proposition 65 List Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)
IARC 2A (Vol. 7, Sup 7, 96) 2010
NIST Chemistry Reference Urethane(51-79-6)
EPA Substance Registry System Urethane (51-79-6)

SAFETY

Risk and Safety Statements

Symbol(GHS)  GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
GHS07,GHS08
Signal word  Danger
Hazard statements  H302-H350
Precautionary statements  P201-P301+P312+P330-P308+P313
Hazard Codes  T
Risk Statements  45-22
Safety Statements  53-45-99
RIDADR  UN 3077 9 / PGIII
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  FA8400000
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  29241990
Toxicity MLD i.p. in mice: 2.1-2.2 g/kg (Franklin)
NFPA 704
2
0

Urethane price More Price(19)

Manufacturer Product number Product description CAS number Packaging Price Updated Buy
Sigma-Aldrich 94300 Urethane ≥99.0% (GC) 51-79-6 1kg $246 2024-03-01 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich 76607 Urethane analytical standard 51-79-6 100mg $197 2024-03-01 Buy
TCI Chemical C0028 Ethyl Carbamate >98.0%(GC)(N) 51-79-6 25g $16 2024-03-01 Buy
TCI Chemical C0028 Ethyl Carbamate >98.0%(GC)(N) 51-79-6 100g $32 2024-03-01 Buy
Alfa Aesar 044804 Ethyl carbamate, 98% 51-79-6 50g $36.4 2023-06-20 Buy
Product number Packaging Price Buy
94300 1kg $246 Buy
76607 100mg $197 Buy
C0028 25g $16 Buy
C0028 100g $32 Buy
044804 50g $36.4 Buy

Urethane Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Description

Ethyl carbamate occurs as colourless or white columnar crystals or granular powder. It is very soluble in water. With heat, ethyl carbamate undergoes decomposition and emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. Ethyl carbamate is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of a number of chemical products, for example, pharmaceuticals, in biochemical research and medicine, and as a solubiliser and co-solvent for pesticides and fumigants. Prior to World War II, ethyl carbamate saw relatively heavy use in the treatment of multiple myeloma before it was found to be toxic, carcinogenic, and largely ineffective. However, due to U.S. FDA regulations, ethyl carbamate has been withdrawn from pharmaceutical use. However, small quantities of ethyl carbamate are also used in laboratories as an anaesthetic for animals.

Chemical Properties

Urethane is a colorless, almost odorless crystalline solid or powder.

Chemical Properties

Colorless crystals or white powder; odorless, saltpeter-like taste. Solutions neutral to litmus. Soluble in water, alcohol, ether, glycerol, and chloroform; slightly soluble in olive oil. Combustible.

Occurrence

Urethane (ethyl carbamate) occurs as a natural byproduct in fermented products such as wine, liquors, yogurt, beer, bread, olives, cheeses, and soy sauces. Whereas urethane has a known cancer etiology in experimental animals, no such relationship has yet been proven in humans. Alcohol may act by blocking the metabolism of urethane, and thus exert a protective effect in humans consuming alcoholic beverages.

Uses

The primary use of urethane has been as a chemical intermediate in preparation of amino resins (IARC 1974). The process involves a reaction with formaldehyde to give hydroxymethyl derivatives that are used as cross-linking agents in permanent-press textile treatments designed to impart wash-and-wear properties to fabrics. Urethane isalso used as a solubilizer and co-solvent in the manufacture of pesticides, fumigants, and cosmetics, as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, and in biochemical research (HSDB 2009). Urethane was formerly used as an active ingredient in drugs prescribed for the treatment of neoplastic diseases, as a sclerosing solution for varicose veins, as a hypnotic, and as a topical bactericide. It is also used in veterinary medicine as an anesthetic (IARC 1974). Urethane is produced naturally during many fermentation processes(Zimmerli and Schlatter 1991).

Uses

antiinfective

Uses

Naturally occurring contaminant in fermented foods, particularly wine, stone-fruit brandies, and bread. This substance is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Uses

Intermediate in organic synthesis. In the preparation and modification of amino resins. As solvent, solubilizer and cosolvent for various organic materials. Animal anesthetic in laboratory procedures.

Definition

A poisonous flammable organic compound, used in medicine, as a solvent, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyurethane resins.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Urethane was formerly used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia. It is also a mild hypnotic which has been used as an anaesthetic for veterinary practice. It has been reported to have both a carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. Although urethane continues to be used as an industrial solvent, WHO has no information to suggest that it remains commercially available in pharmaceutical preparations.

General Description

Odorless colorless crystals or white powder. Sublimes readily at 217°F and 54 mm Hg. Cooling saline taste.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are neutral to litmus .

Reactivity Profile

Urethane is incompatible with alkalis, acids, chloral hydrate, camphor, menthol and thymol. Also incompatible with antipyrine and salol. May react with strong oxidizing agents. Liquefies with benzoic acid, resorcinol and salicylic acid. Reacts with phosphorus pentachloride to form an explosive product .

Hazard

Toxic by ingestion.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. A transplacental carcinogen. Moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, parenteral, and intravenous routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Causes depression of bone marrow and occasionally focal degeneration in the brain. Can also produce central nervous system depression, nausea and vomiting. Has been found in over 1000 beverages sold in the United States. The most heavily contaminated liquors are bourbons, sherries, and fruit brandies (some had 1000 to 12,000 ppb urethane). Many whiskeys, table and dessert wines, brandies, and liqueurs contain potentially hazardous amounts of urethane. The allowable limit for urethane in alcoholic beverages is 125 ppb. It is formed as a side product during processing.Hot aqueous acids or alkalies decompose urethane to ethanol, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. Reacts with phosphorus pentachloride to form an explosive product. When heated it emits toxic fumes of NOx. Used as an intermedate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fungicides. See also CARBAMATES.

Potential Exposure

Urethane is used as a chemical intermediate in manufacture of pharmaceuticals; pesticides, and fungicides; in the preparation of amino resins. It may be reacted with formaldehyde to give cross-linking agents which impart wash-and-wear properties to fabrics. It has also been used as a solubilizer and cosolvent in the manufacture of pesticides, fumigants, and cosmetics. It was formerly used in the treatment of leukemia. It occurs when diethylpyrocarbonate, a preservative used in wines, fruit juices, and soft drinks, is added to aqueous solutions.

First aid

Skin Contact: Flood all areas of body thathave contacted the substance with water. Do not wait toremove contaminated clothing; do it under the water stream.Use soap to help assure removal. Isolate contaminatedclothing when removed to prevent contact by others.Eye Contact: Remove any contact lenses at once.Immediately flush eyes well with copious quantities ofwater or normal saline for at least 20- 30 min. Seek medicalattention.Inhalation: Leave contaminated area immediately; breathefresh air. Proper respiratory protection must be supplied toany rescuers. If coughing, difficult breathing, or any othersymptoms develop, seek medical attention at once, even ifsymptoms develop many hours after exposure.Ingestion: Contact a physician, hospital, or poison center atonce. If the victim is unconscious or convulsing, do notinduce vomiting or give anything by mouth. Assure thatthis airway is open and lay him on his side with his headlower than his body and transport immediately to a medicalfacility. If conscious and not convulsing, give a glass ofwater or milk to dilute the substance. Vomiting should notbe induced without a physician’s advice.

Carcinogenicity

Urethane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Environmental Fate

Urethane may be released to the environment in various waste streams. If released to the atmosphere, urethane is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase urethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of 2.2 days. If released to soil, urethane has very high mobility. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces does not occur. Biodegradation of urethane in soil may be important. If released into water, urethane is not adsorbed to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. Volatilization from water surfaces does not occur. The potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low based on an estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 0.45. Urethane is resistant to hydrolysis under environmental conditions; hydrolysis half-lives of 3300 and 330 years at pH 7 and 8, respectively, were estimated for urethane. Urethane was judged easy to biodegrade in river die-away tests. Other biodegradation studies using activated sludge indicate urethane may biodegrade slowly.

storage

Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store ina secure poison location. Prior to working with this chemicalyou should be trained on its proper handling and storage.Urethane must be stored to avoid contact with strong oxidizers (such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine), strong acids(such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric), strong bases,camphor, menthol, salol, or thymol since violent reactionsoccur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated area. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored incompliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Shipping

Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s. require a label of“POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS.” Urethane falls inHazard Class 6.1.

Purification Methods

Urethane is best purified by fractional distillation, but it can be 20 25 1.4144. sublimed at ~103o/~50mm. It has also been recrystallised from *benzene. Its solubilitiy at room temperature is 2g/mL in H2O, 1.25g/mL in EtOH, 1.1g/mL in CHCl3, 0.67g/mL in Et2O and 0.03g/mL in olive oil. It is a suspected human carcinogen.[Beilstein 3 H 22, 3 IV 40.]

Toxicity evaluation

Urethane is activated in the liver into a carcinogenic metabolite. The activation of urethane by cytochrome P450 involves two sequential reactions. First, urethane is dehydrogenated to vinyl carbamate followed by epoxidation to form vinyl carbamate epoxide. The former is believed to be the ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of urethane.

Incompatibilities

Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, gallium, perchlorate.

Waste Disposal

Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Controlled incineration (incinerator equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions).

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Supplier Tel Email Country ProdList Advantage
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View Lastest Price from Urethane manufacturers

Image Update time Product Price Min. Order Purity Supply Ability Manufacturer
Ethyl carbamate pictures 2024-03-19 Ethyl carbamate
51-79-6
US $2.00 / KG 1KG 99% 2000mt Jinan Finer Chemical Co., Ltd
Urethane pictures 2023-11-01 Urethane
51-79-6
US $0.00 / kg 1kg 99.0% min 10tons/month Hangzhou ICH Biofarm Co., Ltd
Urethane pictures 2023-09-14 Urethane
51-79-6
US $0.00-0.00 / g 100g 99% 20 tons Wuhan Han Sheng New Material Technology Co.,Ltd
  • Urethane pictures
  • Urethane
    51-79-6
  • US $0.00 / kg
  • 99.0% min
  • Hangzhou ICH Biofarm Co., Ltd
  • Urethane pictures
  • Urethane
    51-79-6
  • US $0.00-0.00 / g
  • 99%
  • Wuhan Han Sheng New Material Technology Co.,Ltd
URETHANE A 11032 a11032 Aethylcarbamat Aethylurethan ai3-00553 Aminoformicacidethylester. carbamated’ethyle Carbamidsaeure-aethylester Ethyl ester of carbamic acid Ethyl urethan Ethylaminoformate Ethylester kyseliny karbaminove ethylesterkyselinykarbaminove ethylesterkyselinykarbaminove(czech) Leucethane Leucothane NH2COOC2H5 NSC 746 nsc746 nsc-746 O-Ethylurethane Pracarbamin Pracarbamine Rcra waste number U238 rcrawastenumberu238 U-Compound Uretan etylowy uretanetylowy uretanetylowy(polish) uretano urethane(ethylcarbamate) urethanum(inn-latin) X 41 x41 POLY(CARBONATE URETHANE) SOFT URETHANE 98% USP URETHANE,REAGENT Carbamicacidethylester,98% urethane (INN) ethyl carbamate Carbamic acid ethyl ester, Ethyl carbamate, Ethylurethane Urethane,97% Urethane,99% Sphagnum teres Urethane, 97% 250GR Urethane, 97% 50GR Carbamic acid ethyl Carbamic Acid Ethyl Ester Ethyl Urethane Urethane Ethyl carbaMate radical cation Urethane >=99.0% (GC) Urethane, 98.5% LABOTEST-BB LT01409570 Urethane Solution,100ppm Urethane1kg Ethyl carbamate≥ 99.5% (GC) Melamine-15N3 Solution, 1000ppm Ethyl Carbamate > Ethyl Carbamate @100 μg/mL in MeOH