Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate

Description

Bismuth nitrate is the bismuth salt form of nitrate, usually existing in pentahydrate form. People apply bismuth salt to the skin for hemorrhoids. People use bismuth as an enema for pouchitis. This condition involves inflammation in an artificial rectum created after surgery for ulcerative colitis. Bismuth salts are also added to cosmetics, batteries, paints, and pigment plastics in manufacturing. Bismuth nitrate is used to catalyze various kinds of reactions including chemo-selective synthesis of acylals from aromatic aldehydes, one-pot synthesis of alpha-amino phosphates as well as pharmaceutically functionalized piperidine derivatives, protection of carbonyl compounds and various kinds of Michel reactions. It is also an excellent oxidant for a variety of 4-substituted Hantzsch 1, 4-dihydropyridines.It is a convenient reagent for selective oxidation of sufides to sulfoxides.

Uses

Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate is a non-toxic, inexpensive, easy to handle and air insensitive reagent, commonly used in organic synthesis with a wide range of applications.

Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate is a convenient and selective reagent for conversion of thiocarbonyls to their carbonyl compounds.
Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate and air as a cocatalyst is claimed to be a superior reagent for the oxidative deprotection of dithioacetals.

Chemical Synthesis

Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate may be used in the following processes:

1. Conversion of thioamides and thioureas to their oxo derivatives.
2. Transformation of aromatic aldehydes to carboxylic acids under microwave and solvent free conditions.
3. Synthesize coumarins by Pechmann condensation under solvent free conditions.
4. As a precursor in the synthesis of pure and lanthanum-modified bismuth ferrite (BFO) ceramics.
5. As a nitrating agent in the synthesis of methyl nitramino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzenes under microwave irradiation.
6. As a catalyst in the preparation of 4-amino-5-pyrimidine carbonitrile and pyrimidinone derivatives.
7. Synthesis of glycosides by Fischer glycosylation of unprotected sugars.
8. Synthesis of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles.
9. Oxidation of 4-substituted Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines.
10. Selective oxidation of sufides to sulfoxides.

Preparation

Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate can be obtained by dissolving metallic bismuth granules in nitric acid, or by pouring molten metallic bismuth into an acid solution while stirring.

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth(III)_nitrate
Bhattacharya, Asish K., and T. Kaur.  Cheminform 38.30(2007):0745-0748.
Aggen, David H., et al. Tetrahedron 35.31(2004):3675-3679.
Brahmachari, Goutam, and S. Das. Cheminform 43.28(2012):1479-1484.
Srivastava, Neeta, S. K. Dasgupta, and B. K. Banik. Tetrahedron Letters 34.17(2003):1191-1193.
Banik, Bimal K., I. Garcia, and F. R. Morales. Cheminform 38.33(2007):no-no.
Srivastava, N, and B. K. Banik. Cheminform 68.6(2003):2109-14.
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/254150?lang=en&region=US
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1502/bismuth

Chemical Properties

White Crystal

Physical properties

Lustrous triclinic crystals; acid taste; hygroscopic; density 2.83 g/cm³; decomposes at 75°C; reacts slowly with water; soluble in acids and acetone; insoluble in alcohol.

Uses

Luminous paints, preparation of bismuth saltsBismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate is an oxidant for a variety of 4-substituted Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines. It also serves as a reagent for selective oxidation of sufides to sulfoxides. Further, it is involved in the preparation of Dragendorff reagent and used as a TLC stain. It is also used to prepare other bismuth compounds.

Uses

An excellent oxidant for a variety of 4-substituted Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines.1 Convenient reagent for selective oxidation of sufides to sulfoxides.2

Uses

Bismuth Nitrate Pentahydrate acts as a precursor in the prepoaration of photocatalysts.

Preparation

Bismuth nitrate is prepared by dissolving bismuth in concentrated nitric acid, followed by evaporation and crystallization .

General Description

Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate is a non-toxic, inexpensive, easy to handle and air insensitive reagent, commonly used in organic synthesis with a wide range of applications.