ポビドンヨード 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
用途
ポビドンヨード（英語povidone iodine）とは、1-ビニル-2-ピロリドンの重合物（ポリビニルピロリドン）とヨウ素の複合体であり、日本薬局方にも収載されている医薬品（ヨウ素剤）である。通常、10%程度の水溶液にし、外用消毒薬として用いる。液剤は黒褐色であり、ヨウ素の特異な匂いと味がする。 ポビドンヨードはWHO必須医薬品モデル?リストに掲載されている殺菌剤の一つである。
効能
殺菌消毒薬
商品名
アン・スワブ (アドマル産業); イオダイン (健栄製薬); イオダイン (健栄製薬); イオダイン (健栄製薬); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); イソジン (ムンディファーマ); ポビドンヨード (ハクゾウメディカル); ポビドンヨード (リバテープ製薬); ポビドンヨード (リバテープ製薬); ポビドンヨード (リバテープ製薬); ポビドンヨード (健栄製薬); ポビドンヨード (健栄製薬); ポビドンヨード (健栄製薬); ポビドンヨード (健栄製薬); ポビドンヨードエタノール (リバテープ製薬); ポピヨドン (吉田製薬); ポピヨドン (吉田製薬); ポピヨドン (吉田製薬)
説明
Povidone iodine is iodophor, used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. A 10% povidone iodine solution contains 1% available iodine, but free-iodine is at 0.1% concentration. Skin exposure causes irritant rather than allergic contact dermatitis. In such a situation, however, iodine seems to be the true hapten.
化学的特性
Povidone iodine is a complex of iodine with povidone. It occurs as a yellowish brown to reddish brown amorphous powder, having a slight characteristic odour. Its solution is acid to litmus. Soluble in water and in alcohol, practically insoluble in chloroform, in carbon tetrachloride, in ether, in solvent hexane, and in acetone. It is an external antiseptic with a broad microbicidal spectrum against bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and yeasts. This gel has about 1.0% available iodine.
来歴
Povidone iodine (PI) is frequently used during surgical preparation, postoperative wound cleaning and dressing. It was described by Shelaski about seventy years ago (Shelanski and Shelanski, 1956). PI consists of the complex structure of povidone, a polymer that is structurally similar to plasma proteins, and the iodine element, which has antimicrobial properties. The function of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) used as a polymer includes increasing iodine solubility and penetration, decreasing iodine ion concentration and keeping iodine bound. However, PVP does not have antimicrobial properties. Shelanski defined this complex structure as 'iodophor' (Shelanski and Shelanski, 1956).
製造方法
Povidone Iodine Solution is an antiseptic and disinfectant agent. The preparation method of povidone iodine: be that 1.17% potassium iodide is dissolved in part water in 10% water by mass percent, 2.34% iodine is added to wherein stirring and dissolving, be mixed with iodine solution standby; 0.01% stability auxiliary agent is dissolved in part water 10% water standby; In complex reaction still, add remaining water, open and stir, dropping into 10.0% polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 dissolves, then substep adds above-mentioned two kinds of solution that prepare, finally add 7.5% solvent normal propyl alcohol, after feeding intake, allow reactant mixture at 20 ℃, react 2 hours, react complete mixture is lowered the temperature and obtained betagen solution.
主な応用
Povidone iodine is a broad spectrum antiseptic for topical application. It is used in first aid for minor cuts, grazes, burns, abrasions and blisters. Povidone iodine has broad applications in medicine as a surgical scrub; for pre- and post-operative skin cleansing.
生物活性
Povidone iodine is a microcide with broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoans. It reduces total anaerobic and aerobic bacterial counts in vitro in dog feces when applied topically as a 10% solution. Povidone iodine decreases bacterial counts and the occurrence of anastomotic leaks in a dog model of emergent resection and anastomosis of the sigmoid colon when applied in situ at a concentration of 10% v/v. Topical administration of povidone iodine (10% v/v) also reduces bacterial counts on the skin of cynomolgus monkeys. Formulations containing povidone iodine have been used to disinfect skin before and after surgery.
ポビドンヨード 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品