フェンチオン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
溶解性
水に不溶 (6.3×10^(-4)g/100ml, 20℃)。脂肪族炭化水素以外の殆どの有機溶剤に可溶。水4.2mg/l(20℃)。ジクロロメタン, トルエン,イソプロパノール＞1,000, ヘキサン30～100(共にg/l 20℃)。アセトンに溶け、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
MPP試験用標準品。
用途
農薬
効能
殺虫薬 (獣医薬), アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬
農薬用途
殺虫剤
説明
Fenthion is a colorless oily liquid (technical grade, brown oily
liquid with a mercaptan-like odor).
化学的特性
Pure fenthion is a colorless liquid. Technical fenthion is a yellow or brown oily liquid with a weak garlic odor. It is insoluble or very sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in all organic solvents, alcohols, ethers, esters, halogenated aromatics, and petroleum ethers. It is grouped by the US EPA under RUP and hence requires handling by qualifi ed, certifi ed, and trained workers. Fenthion is used for the control of sucking and biting pests, i.e., fruit fl ies, stem borers, mosquitoes, and cereal bugs. In mosquitoes, it is toxic to both the adult and immature forms (larvae). The formulations of fenthion include dust, emulsifi able concentrate, granular, liquid concentrate, spray concentrate, ULV, and wettable powder.
使用
Fenthion is an organothiophosphate used as an insecticide. Fenthion is also a potent acaricide.
定義
ChEBI: An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl group. It exhibits acaricidal and insecticidal
activities.
一般的な説明
Yellow to tan oily liquid with a slight odor of garlic.
反応プロフィール
Fenthion may react with strong reducing agents such as hydrides to generate highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin
absorption; use may be restricted, cholinesterase
inhibitor. Toxic by skin absorption; questionable
carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Fenthion is moderately toxic to mammals, and highly toxic to birds. Exposures to fenthion cause poisoning with symptoms among occupational workers as observed with organophosphate pesticide-induced toxicity. These include, but are not limited to, numbness, tingling sensations, incoordination, headache, dizziness, tremor, nausea, abdominal cramps, sweating, blurred vision, diffi culty breathing or respiratory depression, and slow heart beat. Very high doses may result in unconsciousness, incontinence, and convulsions or fatality. Reports have indicated that exposures to fenthion cause adverse effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, and the heart of exposed workers.
火災危険
Fenthion is probably combustible.
农业用途
Insecticide, Larvicide, Veterinary medicine: Not registered for use in the U.S. Not approved for
use in EU countries. Used in 20 countries including
Australia. There are 23 global suppliers.
製品名
B 29493®; BACID®; BAY 29493®;
BAYCID®; BAYER 29493®; BAYER 9007®; BAYER
S-1752®; BAYTEX®; ENTEX®; LEBAYCID®;
MPP®; MPP (pesticide) OMS 2®; PHENTHION®;
PILARTEX®; QUELETOX®; S 1752®; SPOTTON®;
SULFIDOPHOS®; TALODEX®; TIGUVON®
職業ばく露
A potential danger to those involved
in the manufacture, formulation, or application of this agricultural chemical and pesticide; insecticide
環境運命予測
Biological. From the first-order biotic and abiotic rate constants of fenthion in estuarine water and sediment/water systems, the estimated biodegradation half-lives were 22.4 and 3.9–14.5 days, respectively (Walker et al., 1988).
Surface Water. In estuarine water, the half-life of fenthion was 4.6 days (Lacorte et al., 1995).
Plant. In plants, fenthion oxidizes to the mesulfenfos and sulfone which further degrades to the sulfone phosphate before undergoing hydrolysis (Hartley and Kidd, 1987).
Photolytic. Fenthion was oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxide and trace amounts (<5% yield) of sulfone when sorbed on soil and exposed to sunlight. The photosensitized oxidation was probably due to the presence of singlet oxygen. The degradation rate was higher in soils containing the lowest organic carbon (Gohre and Miller, 1986).
Chemical/Physical. Stable at temperatures below 210°C (Worthing and Hance, 1991). Emits very toxic fumes of phosphorus and sulfur oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987; Lewis, 1990).
代謝経路
The major route of fenthion metabolism is by oxidation to the sulfoxide
which has a higher insecticidal activity than the parent compound. The
subsequent oxidation of the sulfoxide to fenthion sulfone, the biological
activity of which is considerably lower, is slow in plants but of major
significance in animals. An additional route of bioactivation is through
oxidative desulfuration to form fenoxon and, in all, five oxidative
metabolites (fenthion sulfoxide, fenthon sulfone, fenoxon, fenoxon
sulfoxide and fenoxon sulfone) have been detected in most biological
systems. Hydrolysis, in contrast to most insecticidal phosphorothioates,
appears to proceed via direct hydrolysis of fenthion rather than its oxon.
The phenolic leaving group (3-methyl-4-thiomethylphenol) is identical to
that of fenamiphos and although no studies have described the fate of the
phenolic moiety for fenthion, it is likely that it will be metabolised by
similar routes to those described for fenamiphos.
輸送方法
UN3018 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid,
toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
不和合性
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, alkaline insecticides.
Organothiophosphates are susceptible to formation of
highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence
of strong reducing agents such as hydrideds and active
metals. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in
the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
廃棄物の処理
Hydrolysis and landfill for
small quantities; incineration with flue gas scrubbing for
large amounts. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow
recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following
package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your
regional EPA office
フェンチオン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品