酸化ネオジム,3N5 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
うすい青紫色、粉末又は塊
溶解性
うすい塩酸に溶ける。水に極めてわずかにしか溶けない。水に不溶。塩酸に可溶。うすい硝酸に溶ける。
解説
酸化ネオジム(Ⅲ)Nd2O3(336.48)．ネオジムの水酸化物や硝酸塩を空気中で強熱すると得られる．青紫色の結晶．密度7.24 g cm－3．融点2300 ℃．水，アルカリに不溶，酸に可溶．特殊光学ガラス(ネオジムガラス)，固体レーザー発光材，セラミックコンデンサー，ネオジム磁石，耐熱るつぼ，セラミックスなどに用いられる．
用途
ファインセラミックス、超電導材料用
化学的特性
Neodymium Oxide, Nd2O3 is a blue-grey powder that is composed of the rare earth neodymium and oxygen. hygroscopic; absorbs atmospheric CO2; hexagonal; has slightly red fluorescence. Water insoluble, soluble in acids. It has special properties that make it very useful to the glass and ceramics industries. Neodymium Oxide gives a good aqua color in most glaze bases at 1-2%. At 4-7% it gives a pleasant lavender/grape color that appears as a different color under different artificial light sources. It is very strongly affected by iron, particularly in oxidation, giving a reliable perfect neutral transparent gray. Avoid trace iron impurities to achieve the brightest blue and lavender colors.
物理的性質
Blue powder; hexagonal crystals; fluoresces red; density 7.24 g/cm
3; melts around 1,900°C; practically insoluble in water, 30 mg/L at 75°C; dissolves in acids.
使用
Neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) is a light-blue powder used to color glass and as a pigment for ceramics. It is also used to make color TV tubes.
調製方法
Neodymium oxide is produced from the two principal rare earth minerals, monazite, and bastnasite. The oxide is obtained as an intermediate in the recovery of neodymium metal (See Neodymium).
The oxide also may be formed by thermal dissociation of neodymium oxalate, hydroxide or carbonate:
Nd
2(C
2O
4)
3 → Nd
2O
3 + 6CO
22Nd(OH)
3 → Nd
2O
3 + 3H
2O
Nd
2(CO
3)
3 → Nd
2O
3 + 3CO
2.
反応性
The anhydrous oxide absorbs moisture from the air at ambient temperatures forming hydrated oxide. The oxide also absorbs carbon dioxide from air, forming neodymium carbonate.
Neodymium oxide dissolves in strong mineral acids forming corresponding neodymium salts:
Nd2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Nd2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Reactions with acetic and other organic acids produce corresponding salts. When heated with ammonium chloride at 300 to 400°C, the oxide converts to chloride liberating ammonia and water:
Nd2O3 + 6NH4Cl → 2NdCl3 + 6NH3 + 3H2O
When heated with hydrogen fluoride, the product is neodymium fluoride:
Nd2O3 + 6HF → 2NdF3 + 3H2O
The oxide is reduced to neodymium metal when heated with hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or other reducing agents.
毒性学
Neodymium oxide is belong to a rare earth metal. These metals are moderately to highly toxic. The symptoms of toxicity of the rare earth elements include writhing, ataxia, labored respiration, walking on toes with arched back and sedation.
安全性プロファイル
Low toxicity by
ingestion.
純化方法
Dissolve it in HClO4, precipitate it as the oxalate with doubly recrystallised oxalic acid, wash it free of soluble impurities, dry it at room temperature and ignite it in a platinum crucible at higher than 850o in a stream of oxygen. It is a blue powder. [Tobias & Garrett J Am Chem Soc 80 3532 1958.]
参考文献
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium#Neodymium_glass_for_other_applications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium(III)_oxide
https://books.google.kg/books?id=KbZkxDyeG18C&pg=PA102&dq=%22Neodymium+oxide%22&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Neodymium%20oxide%22&f=false
酸化ネオジム,3N5 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品