2-オキソピロリジン-1-アセトアミド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
効能
抗けいれん薬, 向知性薬
商品名
ミオカーム (ユーシービージャパン)
説明
Piracetam is a nootropic agent with an indication as adjunctive treatment for myoclonus of cortical origin, as well as tardive dyskinesia. However, piracetam is not approved by the FDA for any medical use in the USA. Piracetam should not be prescribed in patients with Huntington disease, those with serious kidney problems, or patients who have experienced a brain haemorrhage. Bleeding problems are a further caution to be taken into account. Although there is little evidence for piracetam’s efficacy in terms of long- term benefits for the treatment of mild cognitive impairments, recent studies showed that it is effective in the treatment of cognitive disorders of cerebrovascular and traumatic origins. With regard to piracetam’s behavioural profile, its beneficial effects on lowering depression and anxiety appear to be higher than its positive effects on memory.
化学的特性
White crystalline powder. Odorless, slightly bitter taste. Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, almost insoluble in ether.
使用
Piracetam is most commonly used for breath-holding attacks, seizure disorder (epilepsy), antinauseant, dizziness (vertigo), a learning disorder marked by difficulty reading (dyslexia), nootropic, cortical myoclonus, and a movement disorder often caused by antipsychotic drugs (tardive dyskinesia).
使用
Piracetam has been used to study crystal structure and physicochemical properties of six co-crystals of piracetam. It has also been used to study its
in vitro antioxidant properties.
製造方法
Prepared by condensing 2-pyrrolidinone with ethyl chloroacetate in the presence of a metal hydride and then converting the ester into an amide with ammonia.
定義
ChEBI: Piracetam is an organonitrogen compound and an organooxygen compound. It is functionally related to an alpha-amino acid. It is a compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.
生物活性
Nootropic that displays cognitive enhancing properties. Proposed to enhance neurotransmission via modulation of ion flux; potentiates Na + influx through AMPA receptors. Facilitates efficiency of cholinergic neurotransmission at muscarinic receptors.
安全性プロファイル
Mildly toxic by ingestion. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
代謝
The plasma half life of piracetam is approximately 5 hours following oral or intravenous administration. The half life in the cerebrospinal fluid was 8.5 hours. The apparent total body clearance is 80-90 mL/min.
純化方法
This typical nootropic (Alzheimer) drug modulates Na flux in AMPA receptors and is purified by recrystallisation from isoPrOH. [Gouilaev & Senning Brain Research Rev 19 180 1994.]
2-オキソピロリジン-1-アセトアミド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品