ベノミル 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～うすい黄色, 結晶性粉末～粉末
溶解性
水3.6（pH 5）、2.9（pH 7）、1.9（pH 9）（mg/ℓ、室温）。クロロホルム94、DMF 53、アセトン18、キシレン10、エタノール4、ヘプタン0.4（g/ ㎏、25℃）(和光純薬時報 Vol.82, No.3(2014), p12)(ANALYTICAL CIRCLE 2014.9/No.74, p14)アセトンに溶け、水及びエタノールにほとんど溶けない。
解説
ベノミル．ベンレートともいう．2-メチルイソチオ尿素と2モル量のクロロギ酸メチルとを水酸化ナトリウムの存在下で反応させ，2-メチル-1,3-ビス(メトキシカルボニル)イソチオ尿素とし，ついでo-フェニレンジアミンと反応させて，N-(ベンズイミダゾール-2-イル)カルバミン酸メチル(MBC)とし，引き続きイソシアン酸ブチルを反応させると得られる．無色の結晶．分解点140 ℃．水溶解度2.9 mg L－1(pH 7，20 ℃)．通常の有機溶媒に難溶．ベノミルは広範囲の植物病原菌に卓効を示す農業用殺菌剤で，植物体内でMBCに変換されて，チューブリンに結合して核分裂を阻害する．LD50 5000 mg/kg(ラット，経口)．
用途
農薬(殺虫殺菌剤)
使用上の注意
アルゴン封入
説明
Benomyl, a tan-coloured crystalline solid/powder, is a systemic fungicide with a characteristic
odour. It belongs to the benzimidazole family. Benomyl decomposes at high
temperature. Benomyl is essentially insoluble in water. It is stable under normal storage
conditions but will decompose to carbendazim in water. On decomposition by heat, benomyl
produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides.
Benomyl is a systemic and broad-spectrum fungicide that is currently registered for use
in more than 50 countries on more than 70 crops for the control of diseases in fruit trees, nut
crops, vegetables, cereals, tropical crops and ornamentals, turf, and many field crops. Benomyl
is marketed as a wettable powder and as a dry flowable formulation (dispersible granules).
化学的特性
Benomyl is a white crystalline solid. Faint acrid
odor.
使用
Benomyl is a systemic fungicide with both protective and curative
activities. It is effective against more than 190 different fungal diseases in
stone fruits, pome fruits, tropical and subtropical fruit crops, grapes, fruiting
vegetables, cereals, etc. It is effective against fungal diseases caused by
Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes spp., including leaf spots, blotches and
blights; fruit spots and rots; sooty mould; scabs, bulb, corm and tuber
decays; blossom blights; powdery mildew; certain rusts; common soil
borne crown and root rots.
定義
ChEBI: A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is the methyl ester of [1-(butylcarbamoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamic acid. A foliar fungicide used to control a wide range of Ascomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti in
a wide range of crops.
一般的な説明
Colorless to white crystals or off-white powder. Faint acrid odor.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Benomyl is incompatible with strong acids, peroxides and strong oxidizers. Decomposed by strong alkalis. Also decomposes on storage with water .
危険性
High toxicity by ingestion. Upper respira-
tory tract irritant, male reproductive, testicular, and
embryo/fetal damage. Possible carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Mildly toxic in rodent by ingestion, inhalation, and absorption through skin; large dosescan produce effects of carbamate poisoning;teratogenic and mutagenic effects reported;carcinogenic potential not known; mild skinirritant.
LD50 oral (rat): 10,000 mg/kg
LD50 skin (mouse): 5600 mg/kg
LD50 skin (wild bird): 100 mg/kg
Benomyl metabolizes to carbendazim(MBC) and 5-HBC. Animal studies indicatedthat benomyl and its metabolites rapidlyeliminated out within 24 hours of exposure.They do not accumulate in tissues over longterm exposure..
火災危険
Literature sources indicate that Benomyl is nonflammable.
农业用途
Fungicide: Used as a pre-harvest systemic fungicide and as a
post-harvest dip. Used on arable and vegetable crops, apples,
soft fruit, nuts, mushrooms, lettuce, tomatoes and turf.
In California, the top five crops for which benomyl is used
are pistachios, table and raisin grapes, almonds, strawberries
and wine grapes. All uses of benomyl products in the
United States was phased out with a deadline of December
31, 2003. Not approved for use in EU countries.
製品名
ABORTRINE®; AGROCITE®;
ARILATE®; BBC 6597®; BENEX®; BENLAT®[C];
BENLATE®, withdrawn 5/7/01; BENLATE 50®;
BENLATE 50 W®; BENLATE 50WP®; BENOMYL®
50 W; BENOSAN®; D 1991®[C]; F 1991®;
FUNDAZOL®; FUNGICIDE 1991®; FUNGACIDE
D-1991®; FUNGOCHROM®; TARSAN®; TERSAN®;
TERSAN 1991®; UZGN®
接触アレルゲン
Benomyl is a fungicide, derived from benzimidazole.
Cases of sensitization were reported in horticulturists and
florists. It is however, at most, a weak sensitizer, with
possible false-positive patch reactions, or with crossreactions
after previous exposure to other fungicides.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion.
Mildly toxic by inhalation. Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human
mutation data reported. A human skin irritant. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NO,. See also
CARB AMATES.
職業ばく露
Benomyl is used as an agricultural
chemical and pesticide, pharmaceutical, and veterinary drug.
発がん性
Benomyl was genotoxic, causing chromosome
aberrations in vitro and in vivo, but it does
not directly act with DNA.
代謝経路
When benlate is degraded by the singlet oxygen
photoreaction either in methanol or in aqueous
hydrochloric solutions, carbendazim is identified as a
major degradation product with the other nine
degradation products from both reactions, including 2-guanidinobenzimidazole, benzimidazole, and 2,4'-and
2,5'-bibenzimidazoles which are identical to the
photodegradation products of carbendazim by the
singlet oxygen photoreaction in aqueous hydrochloric
acid solution.
輸送方法
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9—Miscellaneous
hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
不和合性
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides (forms toxic oxides of nitrogen).
Decomposed in water or otherwise moist conditions.
廃棄物の処理
In accordance with
40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of
pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly
by following package label directions or by contacting
your local or federal environmental control agency, or by
contacting your regional EPA office.
ベノミル 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品