臭化カルシウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
炭酸カルシウムを臭化水素酸に溶かし，濃縮すると六水和物が得られる．水素と臭化水素の気流中で熱して脱水すると無水物となるカルシウムと臭素の化合物。炭酸カルシウムを臭化水素酸に溶解し、蒸発濃縮すると六水和物（無色の六方晶系。式量308.0、融点38.2℃、沸点149℃）として得られる。これを水素と臭化水素の混合気流中で脱水して無水和物とする。無色の結晶性固体。潮解性で、水に溶けやすい。エタノール（エチルアルコール）、アセトンにも可溶。写真用定着剤、医薬（中枢神経抑制剤、鎮静剤、鎮けい剤）として用いる。［鳥居泰男］[補完資料] | 臭化カルシウム（データノート）
小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ) ）
効能
催眠鎮静薬
説明
Calcium bromide has the chemical formula CaBr2. It
was first prepared by Pfeiffer, Klossmann and Angern
in 1924. It is a deliquescent salt that has the form of
colorless hexagonal crystals that are soluble in water and absolute alcohol. Its molecular weight is 199.90 g/
mol for the anhydride. When strongly heated in air,
calcium bromide will produce CaO (lime) and Br2. It
is generally obtained as the dihydrate, CaBr2·2H2O,
in the form of a white crystalline powder. A hexahydrate,
CaBr2·6H2O, is also known. Anhydrous calcium
bromide is obtained by dehydration (250°C, vacuum)
of the dihydrate CaBr2·2H2O. On contact with hot
surfaces or flames, CaBr2 decomposes forming
bromine as a toxic and corrosive fume. It also reacts
with strong acids to produce corrosive fumes of
bromine.
In its solid anhydrous state, it is a white powder.
CaBr2 can be found in drilling muds, neuroses medication,
freezing mixtures, food preservatives, photography
and fire retardants. The anhydride has a melting point
of 730°C and a boiling point of 810°C where it decomposes.
Its density is 3.41 g/cm3. It is moderately soluble
in water at 142 g/100 ml of water.
化学的特性
Calciumbromide, CaBr2, is a colorless crystalline solid with a melting point of 765°C. It is deliquescent and is soluble in water and absolute alcohol. Calcium bromide is used in medicine. Calcium bromide(hydrated), CaBr2·3H20, has a meiting point of 80.5℃.
使用
Made by the action of hydrobromic acid on calcium oxide
and crystallization. The white granular crystals are soluble in
water. Calcium bromide was used in making collodion emulsions,
particularly for dye-sensitized plates.
製造方法
CaBr2·2H2O has a melting point of 38°C where it
dissolves in its own waters of hydration. Its density is
2.290 g/cm3. It can be prepared by reaction in solution
with HBr on the carbonate:
CaCO3 (solid)＋HBr (liq)→CaBr2 (liq)＋ CO2 (gas)
An improved method for producing calcium bromide
has been developed by reacting hydrogen bromide with
calcium hydroxide in the presence of water.
臭化カルシウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品