チオりん酸ジメチル=4-ニトロフェニル 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～うすい黄色, 結晶～結晶性粉末
溶解性
水に不溶。脂肪族炭化水素以外の殆どの有機溶剤に可溶。水55mg/l(20℃)。ジクロロメタン, トルエン＞200,ヘキサン10～20(共にg/l 20℃)。アセトンに溶け、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
農薬(殺虫剤)
農薬用途
殺虫剤
化学的特性
Methyl parathion is a white to yellow-brown, crystalline solid with a garlic odor.It is slightly soluble in water and has a low vapor pressure (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
使用
Parathion-methyl is an derivative of Parathion (P192220), an organophosphate insecticide used on cotton, rice and fruit trees.
定義
ChEBI: Parathion-methyl is a C-nitro compound that is 4-nitrophenol substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4. It is a synthetic organic thiophosphate compound and organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is the methyl homolog of parathion and is used as a pesticide. It is characterized as a colorless to white or tan crystalline solid that is odorless or has a pungent garlic-like odor, and exposure occurs by inhalation, ingestion, or contact.
主な応用
Parathion-methyl is a restricted use organophosphate sold under a number of trade names and formulations. First registered in 1954, it is used to control a variety of insect pests on food and feed crops. Methyl parathion is not used in residential settings due to its toxicity to humans, birds, and honey bees. The chemical is a restricted use pesticide with nearly 4 million pounds of active ingredient mainly used on cotton, corn, wheat, soybeans, and rice (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
一般的な説明
Methyl parathion is a white crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid solvent carrier. The commercial product is a tan liquid (xylene solution) with a pungent odor. Parathion-methyl is slightly soluble to insoluble in water. Usually with the liquid solvent Parathion-methyl is a combustible liquid. Parathion-methyl is toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Parathion-methyl is used as an insecticide.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
METHYL PARATHION is half decomposed in 8 days at 40°C. When a sample was heated in a small test tube Parathion-methyl decomposed in a few minutes, the residue exploded (Food Chem. 4(1):42. 1956).
危険性
Explosion risk when heated. Toxicby skin absorption, inhalation, and ingestion;cholinesterase inhibitor. Use has been restricted.Questionable carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Parathion-methyl is extremely toxic; the probable oral lethal dose is 5-50 mg/kg, or between 7 drops and 1 teaspoonful for a 150-lb. person. Chronic toxicity does not appear to be a major consideration.
火災危険
Poisonous gases are produced in fire and when heated. Decomposition may lead to sufficient internal pressure to cause the container to rupture violently. Avoid oxidizing materials. Unstable. High temperatures (120F) cause decomposition.
农业用途
Insecticide, Nematicide: A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Severely
Restricted for use in EU, as parathion-methyl. This material
is used as an insecticide on over 50 crops, primarily
cotton, but also on walnuts, corn, dried beans and almonds
and on several ornamentals. It is no longer allowed to be
used on crops consumed by children.
製品名
A-GRO®[C]; AI3-17292®; ATOMIC®[C];
AZOFOS®; AZOPHOS; BAMA BRAND®[C];
BAY 11405®; BAY E-601®; BLADAN M®;
CEKUMETHION®; CLEAN CROP®[C]; COTTON TOX
DUST®[C]; DALF®; DECLARE®; DEVITHION®;
DREXEL METHYL PARATHION 4E®[C]; DURHAM[C];
E 601®; EMMY®[C]; E-Z-FLO®[C]; FALL OUT®[C];
FMC NYNAMITE®[C]; FOLIDOC®; FOLIDOL-80®;
FOLIDOL M®; FOLIDOL M-40®; FOSFERNO M 50®;
GEARPHOS®; 8056HC®; KILEX PARATHION®;
ME-PARATHION®; MEPTOX®; METACID 50®;
METACIDE®; METAFOS®; METAPHOS®; METRON®;
METHYL-E 605®; METRON®; NITROX®; NITROX®
80; OLEOVOFOTOX®; PARAPEST M-50®; PENNCAP
M®; PENNCAP MLS®; QUINOPHOS®; SEIS-TRES
6-3®; SINAFID M-48®; SIXTY-THREE SPECIAL E.
C. INSECTICIDE®; TEKWAISA®; THIOPHENIT®;
THYLPAR M-50®; TOLL®; VERTAC METHYL
PARATHION TECHNISCH 80%®; WOFATOX 50 EC®
接触アレルゲン
A case of sensitization to
methyl-parathion was described in a female agricultural
worker with multiple sensitization.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by inhalation,
ingestion, skin contact, subcutaneous,
intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Fatal
poisoning can result from skin or eye
contact after very brief exposure to
concentrated solution. Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen. Human mutation
data reported. A cholinesterase inhibitor
type of insecticide. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
NOx, POx, and SOx.
職業ばく露
A severely hazardous pesticide formulation. Alert: This material is used as an insecticide on over
50 crops, primarily cotton, and on several ornamentals
発がん性
When rats were given diets with
0, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5, and 50 ppm (0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.5, or 2 mg/kg/day
(males); 0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.7, or 3 mg/kg/day (females) for
12 months, neuronal degeneration and plasma, erythrocyte,
and brain cholinesterase inhibition occurred at 12.5 and
50 ppm .
環境運命予測
Methyl parathion is mobile in soils and can leach into groundwater and enter surface water as runoff. The chemical breaks down though microbial degradation, aqueous photolysis, hydrolysis, and incorporation into soil organic matter; thus, it degrades rapidly in soil and water with a half-life <5 days. Photodegradation is rapid in aquatic environments with a half-life of 49 h. Bioconcentration is not expected to occur (U.S. EPA, 2006b).
代謝経路
Parathion-methyl is a non-systemic insecticide and, where studied,
metabolism parallels that of parathion and f enitrothion. The major routes
of biotransformation involve desulfuration to the oxon analogue
(paraoxon-methyl) and hydrolysis to give dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl
phosphorothionate and 4-nitrophenol. Demethylation to give desmethylparathion-
methyl and reduction of the nitro group also occurs. As with
organophosphates, demethylation via glutathione-S-methyl transferases
in the liver and some other tissues is an important mechanism in
mammals. The major route of phase II metabolism involves conjugation
of 4-nitrophenol followed by excretion.
輸送方法
UN3017 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid,
toxic, flammable, flash point not ,23C, Hazard class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3.-Flammable liquid.
UN2783 Organophosphorus pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material. UN2811 Toxic
solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required
不和合性
Incompatible with oxidizers, strong
bases; heat. Mixtures with magnesium, or endrin may be
violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalies. Explosive risk
when heated above 50C. The liquid xylene solution
decomposes violently @ 120C
廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Incineration (816C, 0.5 second minimum for primary combustion; 1204C, 1.0 second for secondary combustion)
with adequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities.
In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations
for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.
Must be disposed properly by following package label
directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional
EPA office
チオりん酸ジメチル=4-ニトロフェニル 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品