2-ニトロフェノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
黄色~緑褐色、結晶~結晶性粉末又は塊
溶解性
水に微溶, アルコール, エーテルに可溶。冷水に溶けにくいが、熱水にやや溶けやすく、エタノール及びアセトンに溶けやすい。
用途
有機合成中間体として多方面で使われるほか、2%エタノール溶液として指示薬に用いる。
用途
環境分析用
化学的特性
yellow crystalline solid
使用
2-Nitrophenol is an intermediate in dyestuff production and a
chemical indicator.
定義
ChEBI: A member of the class of 2-nitrophenols that is phenol in which one of the hydrogens that is ortho to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.
調製方法
2-Chloronitrobenzene in 8.5 % sodium hydroxide solution is heated gradually (exothermic) to 170 ℃ in an autoclave and held there under pressure for 8 h. The resulting solution is cooled and acidified to give the product 2-Nitrophenol in 95 % yield.
一般的な説明
Yellow solid. Sinks in and mixes slowly with water.
空気と水の反応
Water insoluble.
反応プロフィール
2-Nitrophenol is a yellow, crystalline material, moderately toxic, low melting point (45° C). When heated to decomposition 2-Nitrophenol emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen. In molten form violent reaction with strong alkali (85 % potassium hydroxide) [491 M, 1975, p. 342]. Reaction product with chlorosulfuric acid decomposes violently at room temperature [Vervalin, C. H., Hydrocarbon Proc., 1976, 55(9), p. 321].
危険性
Toxic by ingestion.
健康ハザード
Inhalation or ingestion causes headache, drowsiness, nausea, and blue color in lips, ears, and fingernails (cyanosis). Contact with eyes causes irritation. Can be absorbed through the intact skin to give same symptoms as for inhalation.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating fumes of unburned material and oxides of nitrogen can form in fire.
純化方法
Crystallise 2-nitrophenol from EtOH/water, water, EtOH, *benzene or MeOH/pet ether (b 70-90o). It can be steam distilled. Petrucci and Weygandt [Anal Chem 33 275 1961] crystallised it from hot water (twice), then EtOH (twice), followed by fractional crystallisation from the melt (twice), drying over CaCl2 in a vacuum desiccator and then in a drying pistol. The 4-nitrobenzoate had m 141o (from EtOH). [Beilstein 6 IV 1246.]
2-ニトロフェノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
o-アニシジン
2,3-ジヒドロ-2,2-ジメチル-7-ヒドロキシベンゾフラン
2-アミノフェノール-4-スルホン酸
2-アミノ-6-ブロモフェノール
5-Methoxymethyl-2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid
C-(3,4-DIHYDRO-2H-BENZO[1,4]OXAZIN-3-YL)-METHYLAMINE
エチレンビス[オキシ(2,1-フェニレン)ニトリロ]四酢酸
メチルカルバミド酸2,3-ジヒドロ-2,2-ジメチルベンゾフラン-7-イル
1,2-ビス(2-アミノフェノキシ)エタン-N,N,N',N'-四酢酸四ナトリウム
8-ヒドロキシキナルジン
2-アミノフェノール
8-キノリノール
2-ニトロフェノキシ酢酸
2-(2-モルホリン-4-イルエトキシ)アニリン
2,6-ジニトロフェノール (約20% 水湿潤品)
2-ニトロベンゼンチオール
3-ニトロサリチル酸