D-(+)-マルトース一水和物 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色の粉末
溶解性
水に易溶。エタノール, エーテルに難溶。水に溶けやすく、エタノールに極めて溶けにくい。
用途
糖研究用。有機合成原料。医薬・化粧品原料。
用途
糖研究用。甘味料及び栄養剤原料。
用途
デンプンを酸あるいは酵素を用いて加水分解して得られる糖類の総称。このなかにはブドウ糖，麦芽糖，水あめ，粉あめ，異性化糖などが含まれる。デンプン糖は，日本においては重要な甘味料であり，加工食品，清涼飲料などに広く使われている。デンプン糖の原料としては，コーンスターチ，バレイショ(馬鈴薯)デンプン，カンショ(甘藷)デンプンがおもに使われる。加水分解には以前は，シュウ酸，塩酸，硫酸などが用いられていたが，1960年代以降は，反応の制御がより容易な酵素(例えばα‐アミラーゼ，β‐アミラーゼ，グルコアミラーゼ，グルコースイソメラーゼなど)が多く用いられるようになってきた。
効能
栄養補給剤
商品名
マドロス (扶桑薬品工業); マルトス (大塚製薬工場)
使用上の注意
不活性ガス封入
化学的特性
White crystalline powder
使用
D-(+)-Maltose monohydrate, is commonly found in foods and commonly utilized in brewing processes. It is also used in various culture media in the cell and tissue culture applications. D-(+)-Maltose Monohydrate is used as a substrate for α-glucosidase. It is also used as a substrate for the identification, differentiation and characterization of enzymes such as maltase(s); maltose α-D-glucosyltransferase(s); maltose-transporting ATPase(s); maltose O-acetyltransferase(s) and maltose epimerase(s) and phosphorylase(s). D-Maltose is used to study maltose-binding proteins and disaccharide transport systems.
調製方法
Maltose monohydrate is prepared by the enzymatic degradation of
starch.
一般的な説明
Maltose monohydrate is commonly used as a tablet filler or excipient in pharmaceutical industry.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
応用例（製薬）
Maltose is a disaccharide carbohydrate widely used in foods and
pharmaceuticals. In parenteral products, maltose may be used as a
source of sugar, particularly for diabetic patients.
Crystalline maltose is used as a direct-compression tablet
excipient in chewable and nonchewable tablets.
安全性
Maltose is used in oral and parenteral pharmaceutical formulations
and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant
material. However, there has been a single report of a liver
transplantation patient with renal failure who developed hyponatremia
following intravenous infusion of normal immunoglobulin
in 10% maltose. The effect, which recurred on each of four
successive infusions, resembled that of hyperglycemia and was
thought to be due to accumulation of maltose and other osmotically
active metabolites in the extracellular fluid.
LD
50 (mouse, IV): 26.8 g/kg
LD
50 (mouse, SC): 38.6 g/kg
LD
50 (rabbit, IV): 25.2 g/kg
LD
50 (rat, IP): 30.6 g/kg
LD
50 (rat, IV): 15.3 g/kg
LD
50 (rat, oral): 34.8 g/kg
貯蔵
Maltose should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry
place.
純化方法
Purify maltose by chromatography from aqueous solution on to a charcoal/Celite (1:1) column, wash it with water to remove glucose and other monosaccharides, then elute it with aqueous 75% EtOH. Crystallise it from water, aqueous EtOH or EtOH containing 1% nitric acid. Dry it as the monohydrate at room temperature under vacuum over H2SO4 or P2O5. Also purify it by dissolving it in MeOH, evaporating to a syrup which on standing for 12hours in contact with 1/10th its volume of H2O gives crystals of the monohydrate. Its iodine number is 55.5. The osazone has m 200o(dec) and [] D 20 +58o (c 1.4, H2O). [Howarth et al. J Chem Soc 793 1937, Beilstein 17 III/IV 3057, 17 V 189.]
不和合性
Maltose may react with oxidizing agents. A Maillard-type reaction
may occur between maltose and compounds with a primary amine
group, e.g. glycine, to form brown-colored products.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
In the USA, maltose is considered as a food by the FDA and is
therefore not subject to food additive and GRAS regulations.
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral solutions).
Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients. Included in parenteral products available in a number
of countries worldwide.
D-(+)-マルトース一水和物 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品