PARTICULATEMATTER

CAS番号.

化学名:

别名:

英語名:: PARTICULATEMATTER

英語别名:: PARTICULATEMATTER

CBNumber:: CB51427263

化学式:

分子量:: 0

MOL File:: Mol file

物理性質

安全性情報

用途語

PARTICULATEMATTER 物理性質

外見 :: Particulate matter (PM) is not a specific chemical entity but a mixture of particles of different sizes, compositions, and properties. Examples include combustiongenerated particles such as diesel soot or fly ash; photochemically produced particles such as those found in urban haze; salt particles formed from sea spray; and soil-like particles from resuspended dust. Some particles are liquid, and some are solid. Others contain a solid core surrounded by liquid. Atmospheric particles contain inorganic ions, metallic compounds, elemental carbon, and organic compounds. The organic fraction is especially complex, containing hundreds of organic compounds. PM is called primary if it exists in the same chemical form in which it was emitted or generated. Secondary particles are formed from gases through chemical reactions in the atmosphere, involving atmospheric oxygen and water vapor; reactive species such as ozone (O3); radicals such as the hydroxyl (·OH) and nitrate (·NO3) radicals; and pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Particle size of PM is of considerable importance in relating ambient air concentrations to population morbidity and mortality. Routing ambient air monitoring studies before 1999 generally measured “thoracic” PM, namely, PM10 (upper size limited by a 50% cut at 10-mm aerodynamic diameter). Research and monitoring studies since 1999 have measured other fractions, but one of considerable significance is termed “fine” PM, namely, PM2.5 (upper size limited by a 50% cut point at 2.5-mm aerodynamic diameter.) An emerging measurement of importance is “ultrafine” particles, namely, PM0.1 (upper size limited by a 50% cut point at 0.1-mm aerodynamic diameter).

安全性情報

PARTICULATEMATTER 価格

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PARTICULATEMATTER 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

健康ハザード

Epidemiological studies have consistently found an association between small increases in urban PM and health effects, including increased morbidity and mortality in people with respiratory and cardiac disease.

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PARTICULATEMATTER