クペロン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色〜うすい黄褐色, 結晶〜結晶性粉末
溶解性
水, エタノールにはよく溶ける。水に溶けやすく、エタノールにやや溶けにくい。
解説
クペロンは白色粉末です．融点163～164 ℃．Ka 5×10－5．水，エタノールに易溶．酸性溶液から金属イオンを沈殿させる有機試薬で，バウディッシュ試薬(Baudish's reagent)とよばれている．5％ 水溶液に少量の炭酸アンモニウムを加え，密閉容器に保存して使用する．FeⅡ，FeⅢ，CuⅡ，などは完全に沈殿するので，ほかの金属から分離することができる．沈殿は強熱し，金属酸化物として定量する．金属錯塩はクロロホルムやエーテルに溶けるので，抽出により金属イオン相互の分離によく用いられる．[CAS 135-20-6]
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
金属キレート剤, 金属の検出, 沈殿分離剤, 重合禁止剤
準備
低温でフェニルヒドロキシルアミンに塩酸の存在下，亜硝酸ナトリウムを作用させ，濾過後エーテル中でアンモニアと作用させるか，エーテル中で亜硝酸アミルとアンモニアを加えて合成クペロン．
使用上の注意
冷暗所に保存。変化しやすく長期保存は困難。毒性もあるので、取り扱いには注意する。クペロンは着色しやすく，長期保存に耐えない。また，分解性をもつことから，アンモニア雰囲気中で保存する。
化学的特性
Cupferron is a creamy-white crystalline compound
使用
The reagent used to be considered as specific for iron(II) and copper(II). However,
in the course of later analytical studies it turned out that cupferron forms
complexes with several other metals too, even in acidic medium. It is used today
primarily for the determination of copper(II), but it has proved suitable for the
determination of aluminium(III), bismuth(III), iron(III), mercury(II), thorium(IV),
tin(IV), titanium(III), vanadium(IV) and zirconium(IV) as well. Of these, the
zirconium(IV) complex is the most stable. Cupferron precipitates zirconium(IV)
quantitatively from aqueous media containing sulfuric acid.
The reagent gives a precipitate with most of the above metal ions even in strong
mineral acidic medium. Only the aluminium(III) complex does not precipitate in
the presence of mineral acids.
By means of cupferron many metal ions can be separated: thus, for instance,
iron(III) can be separated from aluminium(III) and manganese(II) and titanium
(IV), zirconium(IV) and hafnium(IV) from many other metal ions, etc. Though
the reagent makes possible several separations, the precipitates are not exactly of
stoichiometric composition (they almost always contain some excess of the ligand).
Hence instead of being directly weighed, the precipitates are usually ignited and
the metal oxide residues weighed.
一般的な説明
Light yellow or cream-colored crystals or a brown crystalline solid. As a reagent in the separation of copper and iron.
空気と水の反応
Hygroscopic. Soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Cupferron may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids and strong bases. Forms unstable solutions with thorium, titanium and zirconium salts.
火災危険
Flash point data for Cupferron are not available; however, Cupferron is probably combustible.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic and
tumorigenic data. Poison by intravenous
route. An eye irritant. Solutions with
thorium salts are unstable explosives above
15°C. Solutions with titanium or zirconium
salts are unstable explosives above 40℃.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic NH3 and NOx. See also N-NITROSO
COMPOUNDS and AMINES
職業ばく露
Cupferron is used to separate tin from zinc, and copper and iron from other metals in the laboratory. Cupferron also finds application as a quantitative reagent for vanadates and titanium; and for the colorimetric determination of aluminum. The potential for exposure appears to be greatest for those engaged in analytical or research studies involving use of the chemical. Workers may also be exposed to the compound during manufacturing processes.
発がん性
Cupferron is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
輸送方法
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Recrystallise it twice from EtOH after treatment with Norite and finally once with EtOH. The crystals are washed with diethyl ether and air dried, then stored in the dark over solid ammonium carbonate. A standard solution (ca 0.05M prepared in air-free H2O) is prepared daily from this material for analytical work and is essentially 100% pure. [Olsen & Elving Anal Chem 26 1747 1954.] It can also be washed with Et2O, dried and stored as stated. In a sealed, dark container it can be stored for at least 12 months without deterioration. 260nm (CHCl3). max [Marvel Org Synth Coll Vol I 177 1941, Elving & Olson J Am Chem Soc 78 4206 1956, Beilstein 16 IV 891.] Possible CARCINOGEN.
不和合性
Forms unstable and possibly explosive compounds with thorium salts; titanium, zirconium.
クペロン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品