炭酸ジリチウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色の粉末
溶解性
水に難溶 (1.3g/100ml水)。冷水にわずかに溶け、熱水に溶けにくく、エタノール及びアセトンにほとんど溶けない。本品の水溶液は塩基性である。
解説
炭酸リチウム，白色の単斜晶系の粉末．密度2.11 g cm－3．融点723 ℃ で徐々に分解し，さらに強熱すると二酸化炭素を発生して酸化リチウムとなる．潮解性．リチウム塩，うわぐすり，ガラス，セラミックスなどの原料，アルミニウムの電解精錬，電池用基材，圧電材，医薬品などに用いられる．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
リチューム化合物製造の出発原料,セラミック、電気磁器の釉薬の製造
用途
硝子、陶磁器、琺瑯等原料
用途
リチウム塩製造の原料。
用途
中枢神経系の神経伝達物質や 受容体の多数に作用するとされています。
用途
中枢神経系の神経伝達物質や
受容体の多数に作用するとされています。
効能
躁病薬
製造
リチウム塩の熱濃水溶液に炭酸アルカリを加えると得られる炭酸リチウム．
商品名
リーマス (大正製薬)
化学的特性
Lithium carbonate is a white hygroscopic powder.
物理的性質
White monoclinic crystals; refractive index 1.428; density 2.11 g/cm
3; melts at 723°C; decomposes at 1,310°C; low solubility in water (1.54 g/100g) at 0°C; 1.32 g//100g at 20°C), solubility decrease with temperature (0.72g/100g at 100°C); insoluble in acetone and ethanol.
使用
Lithium carbonate is used as a compound for producing metallic
lithium. Lithium carbonate is the result of treating the mineral spodumene with sulfuric
acid and then adding calcium carbonate. It is used as an antidepressant.
適応症
Lithium inhibits thyroidal incorporation of I
- into Tg, as
well as the secretion of thyroid hormones, but it does
not inhibit the activity of the Na
+-I
- symporter or the
accumulation of I
- within the thyroid. Lithium offers no
particular advantage over drugs of the thionamide class
but may be employed for temporary control of thyrotoxicosis
in patients who are allergic to both thionamides
and iodide.
定義
lithium carbonate: A white solid,Li2CO3; r.d. 2.11; m.p. 723°C; decomposesabove 1310°C. It is producedcommercially by treating the ore with sulphuric acid at 250°C andleaching the product to give a solutionof lithium sulphate. The carbonateis then obtained by precipitationwith sodium carbonate solution.Lithium carbonate is used in the preventionand treatment of manicdepressivedisorders. It is also usedindustrially in ceramic glazes.
製造方法
Lithium carbonate is prepared by the precipitation of lithium
ion by carbonate ion from an aqueous solution. Still another process, which is carried out on a smaller
scale, is the reaction of a solution of lithium hydroxide with carbon dioxide gas. Lithium
carbonate precipitates and is recovered from the supernatant solution.
一般的な説明
Lithiumcarbonate (Eskalith, Lithane) and lithium citrate(Cibalith-S) are the salts commercially available in theUnited States.
反応プロフィール
A base. Decomposed by acids with the evolution of carbon dioxide. Fluorine burns fiercely on contact with Lithium carbonate.
副作用
Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, increased thirst, increased frequency of urination, weight gain, and mildly shaking hands (fine tremor) may occur. These should go away as your body adjusts to the medication.
This medication may increase serotonin and rarely cause a very serious condition called serotonin syndrome/toxicity. The risk increases if you are also taking other drugs that increase serotonin, so tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the drugs you take (see Drug Interactions section). Get medical help right away if you develop some of the following symptoms: fast heartbeat, hallucinations, loss of coordination, severe dizziness, severe nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, twitching muscles, unexplained fever, unusual agitation/restlessness.
安全性プロファイル
Human carcinogenic
data. Poison by intraperitoneal and
intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by
ingestion and subcutaneous routes. Human
systemic effects by ingestion: toxic
psychosis, tremors, changes in fluid intake,
muscle weakness, increased urine volume,
nausea or vomiting, allergic dermatitis.
Human reproductive effects by ingestion:
effects on newborn, including Apgar score
changes and other neonatal measures or
effects. Human teratogenic effects by
ingestion: developmental abnormalities of
the cardiovascular system, central nervous
system, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal
systems. An experimental teratogen.
Experimental reproductive effects.
Experimental carcinogen producing
leukemia and thyroid tumors. Human
mutation data reported. Used in the
treatment of manic-depressive psychoses.
Incompatible with fluorine. See also
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS.
職業ばく露
Lithium carbonate is used in treatment
of manic-depressive psychoses; to make ceramics and porcelain glaze; varnishes, dyes, pharmaceuticals, coating of
arc-welding electrodes; battery alloys; nucleonics, luminescent paints; glass ceramics; lubricating greases; in aluminum production
輸送方法
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required
純化方法
Crystallise it from water. Its solubility decreases as the temperature is raised. The solubility in H2O is 1.3% at ~10o, and 0.7% at ~100o. [D.nges in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 987 1963, Caley & Elving Inorg Synth I 1 1939.]
不和合性
The aqueous solution is a strong base.
Reacts violently with acids, powdered calcium and fluorine.Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong acids, powdered calcium,
fluorine, moisture. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc.
炭酸ジリチウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品