硫酸水素ナトリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される無機塩である。
解説
硫酸水素ナトリウム．冷やした硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に濃硫酸を徐々に加え，放冷すると一水和物が得られる．また，塩化ナトリウムに濃硫酸を加え，加熱融解すると無水物が得られる．無水物は無色の結晶．密度2.74 g cm－3．融点185.7 ℃．320 ℃ で水を失って二硫酸ナトリウムとなり，さらに加熱するとSO3を放って硫酸ナトリウムとなる．水溶液は強酸性を示す．水に易溶．一水和物は無色の結晶．密度2.10 g cm－3．融点58.5 ℃．潮解性で，難溶性塩と溶融すると可溶性硫酸塩を生じるので，鉱物や難溶性塩の分析用融剤，白金器具の洗浄に用いられる．また，飲料水の消毒，セメント，香料，れんが，にかわの製造，金属の表面処理剤，pH 調整剤，せっけん，製紙業にも用いられる．
用途
家庭用クリーナー、テキスタイル、再生ゴム、金属の再生処理、低融点の金属およびその合金の溶剤
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤
化学的特性
Also known as sodium acid sulfate, niter cake, sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHS04, is colorless crystals or white fused lumps,whose aqueous solution is strongly acid.It is soluble in water and noncombustible. Derived as a byproduct in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, it is purified by recrystallization. Used as a flux for decomposing minerals,substitute for sulfuric acid in dyeing,disinfectant, in the manufacture of sodium hydrosulfide,sodium sulfate,and soda slum,for liberating CO2 in carbonic acid baths,in thermophores, for carbonizing wool, in the manufacture of magnesia cements,paper,soap,perfumes, foods, industrial cleaners, metal pickling compounds, and as a lab reagent.
物理的性質
Colorless crystals; triclinic structure; density 2.435g/cm
3 at 13°C; melts above 315°C; decomposes on further heating; soluble in water, 28.6 g/100mL at 25°C; highly soluble in boiling water, 100g/100 mL at 100°C; aqueous solution strongly acidic, pH of 0.1 M solution 1.4; insoluble in liquid ammonia; decomposed by alcohol into sodium sulfate and sulfuric acid.
使用
sodium bisulfate is an inorganic salt used as an anti-septic and a pH adjuster in cosmetic creams. Concentrated solutions can produce strong irritation.
一般的な説明
Bisulfate, aqueous solution is a white crystalline solid dissolved in water. Sodium bisulfate is corrosive to metals and tissue.
空気と水の反応
Dissolves in water to give strongly acidic solutions.
反応プロフィール
Acidic salts, such as various BISULFATES, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions. The combination of calcium hypochlorite, sodium hydrogen sulfate, starch, and sodium carbonate, when compressed, caused the materials to incandescence, followed by explosion, [Ind. Eng. Chem., 1937, 15, 282].
危険性
Strong irritant to tissue.
健康ハザード
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
火災危険
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
安全性プロファイル
A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Mutation data reported. Reacts with moisture to form sulfuric acid. Uxtures with calcium hypochlorite + starch + sodium carbonate explode when compressed. Violent reaction with acetic anhydride + ethanol may lead to ignition and a vapor explosion. Incompatible with calcium hypochlorite. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SO, and NanO. See also SULFATES.
硫酸水素ナトリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品